ArticlePolymers2020
An Overview on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Fabricated with Additive Manufacturing Technologies in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Polymers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
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- Comparison of Macintosh Laryngoscope, King VisionJournal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
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- Multicomponent Acrylic Formulation Design for Corrosion Casting with Controlled Mechanical Properties.Polymers · 2023Article
- Biomedical waste plastic: bacteria, disinfection and recycling technologies-a comprehensive review.International journal of environmental science and technology : IJEST · 2023Review
- Article
- A Novel Hydrophilic, Antibacterial Chitosan-Based Coating Prepared by Ultrasonic Atomization Assisted LbL Assembly Technique.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
- Coronavirus disease 2019: Repeated immersion of chlorine-containing disinfectants has adverse effects on goggles.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Mechanics of 3D-Printed Polymer Lattices with Varied Design and Processing Strategies.Polymers · 2022Article
- Scientometric Review for Research Patterns on Additive Manufacturing of Lattice Structures.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The personal protective equipment fabricated via 3D printing technology during COVID-19.Annals of 3D printed medicine · 2022Article
- Stereolithography 3D Printing of a Heat Exchanger for Advanced Temperature Control in Wire Myography.Polymers · 2022Article
- Required parameters for modelling heterogeneous geographically dispersed manufacturing systems.Procedia CIRP · 2022Article
- Article
- 3D Printing in Eye Care.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2021Review
- Combining Chromatographic, Rheological, and Mechanical Analysis to Study the Manufacturing Potential of Acrylic Blends into Polyacrylic Casts.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Community-driven PPE production using additive manufacturing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Survey and lessons learned.Journal of manufacturing systems · 2021Article
- How to Sterilize Polylactic Acid Based Medical Devices?Polymers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Different additive manufacturing technologies have proven effective and useful in remote medicine and emergency or disaster situations. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, has had a huge impact on our society, including in relation to the continuous supply of personal protective equipment (PPE). The aim of the study is to give a detailed overview of 3D-printed PPE devices and provide practical information regarding the manufacturing and further design process, as well as describing the potential risks of using them. Open-source models of a half-face mask, safety goggles, and a face-protecting shield are evaluated, considering production time, material usage, and cost. Estimations have been performed with fused filament fabrication (FFF) and selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, highlighting the material characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide, and a two-compound silicone. Spectrophotometry measurements of transparent PMMA samples were performed to determine their functionality as goggles or face mask parts. All the tests were carried out before and after the tetra-acetyl-ethylene-diamine (TAED)-based disinfection process. The results show that the disinfection has no significant effect on the mechanical and structural stability of the used polymers; therefore, 3D-printed PPE is reusable. For each device, recommendations and possible means of development are explained. The files of the modified models are provided. SLS and FFF additive manufacturing technology can be useful tools in PPE development and small-series production, but open-source models must be used with special care.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.