Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33206687›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2020

The incidence of sore throat and group A streptococcal pharyngitis in children at high risk of developing acute rheumatic fever: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sarah Pearce, Asha C Bowen, Mark E Engel, Maya de la Lande, Dylan D Barth

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05504928 (Effectiveness of a School-centered Primary and Secondary Prevention Program on Prevalence of Latent Rheumatic Heart Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05504928 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness of a School-centered Primary and Secondary Prevention Program on Prevalence of Latent Rheumatic Heart Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorInsel Gruppe AG, University Hospital BernRan2022 to 2026Enrolled2,300ConditionsRheumatic Heart Disease, Rheumatic Heart Disease in ChildrenArmsSchool nurse program
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Sarah PearceFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Asha C BowenFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Mark E EngelDepartment of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
Maya de la LandeDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Dylan D BarthFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5687-7942
The Kids Research Institute Australia · AUPrincess Margaret Hospital for Children · AUThe University of Western Australia · AUUniversity of Cape Town · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGroup A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis has traditionally been considered the sole precursor of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). Evidence from Australia, however, suggests that GAS skin infections may contribute to the pathogenesis of ARF. A missing piece of evidence is the incidence of sore throat and GAS pharyngitis in this setting. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence of sore throat and GAS pharyngitis in all children at risk of developing ARF.

methodsDatabases were systematically searched for studies reporting on the incidence of pharyngitis among children from low to upper-middle income countries, and Indigenous children living in high-income countries. Studies were subjected to data extraction by two independent reviewers. Following an assessment of the methodological quality of the studies, we extracted incidence rates (IRs) and conducted a meta-analysis. This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019113019).

resultsFrom 607 titles identified by the search, 11 articles met the predetermined inclusion criteria; ten studies reported IRs while for the remaining study, the incidence was calculated. The pooled incidence estimated for sore throat was 82.5 per 100 child-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.5 to 1044.4 per 100 child-years, I2 = 100%) and GAS pharyngitis was 10.8 per 100 child-years (95% CI, 2.3 to 50.0 per 100 child-years, I2 = 99.9%).

conclusionsThe pooled IRs for sore throat in children at risk of developing ARF were higher than rates reported in developed nations (32.70-40 per 100 child-years) and similar for GAS pharyngitis (12.8-14 per 100 years). The limited Australian data lend support to the need for further studies to inform the role of GAS pharyngitis in the development of ARF in Australian Indigenous children, so as to inform local primary prevention strategies for ARF and Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD).

Indexed as

AdolescentAustralian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander PeoplesChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantMalePharyngitisRheumatic Fever

Identifiers

PMID33206687
PMCPMC7673496
OpenAlexW3099621119

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.