ArticleHealth & justice2020
The health effects of gendered and devalued work: health outcomes of incarcerated women engaging in sex work and care/service work.
Article in Health & justice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence, risk and resilience factors of mental health conditions among female sex workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Barriers, beliefs, and biomedical prevention: a qualitative study of PrEP among justice-involved peripregnant women who use drugs.Health & justice · 2025Article
- Characterization of Risk Factors Among Individuals with a History of Incarceration Presenting to a Sexually Transmitted Infections Clinic: Implications for HIV and STI Prevention and Care.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWomen with a history of incarceration are often engaged in highly gendered work, either sex work or low-wage care/service work jobs. While employment is an important element of reentry plans, low-wage jobs may not necessarily help women leave illicit activities, including commercial sex work. Incarcerated women often move between care/service work and sex work to supplement income, putting them at greater risk for negative health outcomes.
resultsUsing survey data from 400 women detained in a large urban jail, we examined how incarcerated women's experience with sex work and low-wage care/service work affects four health-related outcomes: overall health concerns, clinical depression, regular drug use, and self-esteem. Of the survey participants, 24% engaged exclusively in sex work and 34% in care/service work. However, 41% of women held both sex work and care/service work jobs, prior to incarceration. Compared to women engaged in care/service work, a greater proportion of women engaged in sex work reported overall health concerns, clinical depression, and regular drug use. On the other hand, women in care/service work jobs exclusively reported lower levels of self-esteem than women engaging in sex work.
conclusionsMany reentry programs emphasize the importance of employment for former inmates, and yet, job options for women detained in jail are often limited to low-wage care/service jobs, which do not necessarily provide adequate security to lift women's economic burdens. Consequently, many women with a history of incarceration may supplement their income with sex work to meet their basic economic needs. However, both of these highly gendered and devalued jobs may negatively affect health and wellbeing of women.
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