Trial reportClinical and experimental immunology2021
A hyperacute immune map of ischaemic stroke patients reveals alterations to circulating innate and adaptive cells.
Trial report in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in stroke-associated pneumonia in the era of revascularization therapy.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Neutrophil-Mimetic MRI Enables Ultra-Early Detection of Vascular Inflammation After Stroke.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- CyTOF profiling identifies location-specific peripheral immune checkpoint and immune cell subset in mild ischemic stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Predicting stroke-associated pneumonia for acute ischemic stroke patients post intravenous thrombolysis: the post-IVT-SAP risk score.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Umbilical mesenchymal stem cells mitigate T-cell compartments shift and Th17/Treg imbalance in acute ischemic stroke via mitochondrial transfer.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Stroke in Ghana: A Situational Analysis.Stroke research and treatment · 2025Review
- Uncovering the dual roles of peripheral immune cells and their connections to brain cells in stroke and post-stroke stages through single-cell sequencing.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Causal effects of immune cell surface antigens and functional outcome after ischemic stroke: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- IL-1 Beta-A Biomarker for Ischemic Stroke Prognosis and Atherosclerotic Lesions of the Internal Carotid Artery.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- The immunopathology of B lymphocytes during stroke-induced injury and repair.Seminars in immunopathology · 2023Review
- Peripheral blood CD19 positive B lymphocytes increase after ischemic stroke and correlate with carotid atherosclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Systemic inflammation after stroke: implications for post-stroke comorbidities.EMBO molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Flow cytometry and stroke: from current methodology to future applications.Neural regeneration research · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic immune changes following ischaemic stroke are associated with increased susceptibility to infection and poor patient outcome due to their role in exacerbating the ischaemic injury and long-term disability. Alterations to the abundance or function of almost all components of the immune system post-stroke have been identified, including lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes. However, subsequent infections have often confounded the identification of stroke-specific effects. Global understanding of very early changes to systemic immunity is critical to identify immune targets to improve clinical outcome. To this end, we performed a small, prospective, observational study in stroke patients with immunophenotyping at a hyperacute time point (< 3 h) to explore early changes to circulating immune cells. We report, for the first time, decreased frequencies of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1), haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), unswitched memory B cells and terminally differentiated effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA (TEMRA). We also observed concomitant alterations to human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR), CD64 and CD14 expression in distinct myeloid subsets and a rapid activation of CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.