Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33203956›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Spatial and genetic clustering of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections in a low-transmission area of Ethiopia.

Sofonias K Tessema, Mulualem Belachew, Cristian Koepfli, Kjerstin Lanke, Tiffany Huwe, Wakweya Chali, Girma Shumie, Elias F Mekuria, Chris Drakeley, Endalamaw Gadisa and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.

Sofonias K TessemaEPPIcenter Research Program, Division of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Mulualem BelachewArmauer Hansen Research Institute, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Cristian KoepfliDepartment of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 465556, USA.
Kjerstin LankeDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Tiffany HuweDepartment of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 465556, USA.
Wakweya ChaliArmauer Hansen Research Institute, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Girma ShumieArmauer Hansen Research Institute, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Elias F MekuriaFaculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Chris DrakeleyDepartment of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Endalamaw GadisaArmauer Hansen Research Institute, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Bryan GreenhouseEPPIcenter Research Program, Division of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Teun BousemaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Fitsum G TadesseArmauer Hansen Research Institute, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. fitsum.tadesse@radboudumc.nl.
Armauer Hansen Research Institute · ETUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Notre Dame · USAddis Ababa University · ETJimma University · ETLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBRadboud University Medical Center · NLRadboud University Nijmegen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The distribution of malaria infections is heterogeneous in space and time, especially in low transmission settings. Understanding this clustering may allow identification and targeting of pockets of transmission. In Adama district, Ethiopia, Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria patients and controls were examined, together with household members and immediate neighbors. Rapid diagnostic test and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used for the detection of infections that were genetically characterized by a panel of microsatellite loci for P. falciparum (26) and P. vivax (11), respectively. Individuals living in households of clinical P. falciparum patients were more likely to have qPCR detected P. falciparum infections (22.0%, 9/41) compared to individuals in control households (8.7%, 37/426; odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-6.4; P = .007). Genetically related P. falciparum, but not P. vivax infections showed strong clustering within households. Genotyping revealed a marked temporal cluster of P. falciparum infections, almost exclusively comprised of clinical cases. These findings uncover previously unappreciated transmission dynamics and support a rational approach to reactive case detection strategies for P. falciparum in Ethiopia.

Indexed as

Cluster AnalysisEthiopiaFamily CharacteristicsGenotypeHumansMalaria, FalciparumMalaria, VivaxPlasmodium falciparumPlasmodium vivaxPolymerase Chain Reaction

Identifiers

PMID33203956
PMCPMC7672087
OpenAlexW3102768136

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.