ArticleAging2020
Cell differentiation and aging accompanied by depletion of the ACE2 protein.
Article in Aging, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in thyroid aging and their implications in thyroid disorders: insights from gene regulatory networks.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Black Chokeberry (Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Food-Derived Up-Regulators and Activators of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2: A Review.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2024Review
- Higher angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) levels in the brain of individuals with Alzheimer's disease.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- In Vitro and Silico Studies on the N-Doped Carbon Dots Potential in ACE2 Expression Modulation.ACS omega · 2023Article
- The role of vitamin D/calmodulin/calcium signalling/ACE2 pathway in COVID-19.The British journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- Mechanisms Leading to Gut Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Current Evidence and Uncertainties Based on Adverse Outcome Pathways.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Article
- Renin-angiotensin system blockade on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and TMPRSS2 in human type II pneumocytes.Life sciences · 2022Observational
- Calcium Signaling Pathway Is Involved in the Shedding of ACE2 Catalytic Ectodomain: New Insights for Clinical and Therapeutic Applications of ACE2 for COVID-19.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Male bias in ACE2 basic science research: missed opportunity for discovery in the time of COVID-19.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2021Review
- A comprehensive guide to the pharmacologic regulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021Review
- Multifunctional angiotensin converting enzyme 2, the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, and critical appraisal of its role in acute lung injury.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2021Review
- Expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in lung epithelial stem cells and its potential implications for COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ACE2 was observed as the cell surface receptor of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Interestingly, we also found ACE2 positivity inside the cell nucleus. The ACE2 levels changed during cell differentiation and aging and varied in distinct cell types. We observed ACE2 depletion in the aortas of aging female mice, similarly, the aging caused ACE2 decrease in the kidneys. Compared with that in the heart, brain and kidneys, the ACE2 level was the lowest in the mouse lungs. In mice exposed to nicotine, ACE2 was not changed in olfactory bulbs but in the lungs, ACE2 was upregulated in females and downregulated in males. These observations indicate the distinct gender-dependent properties of ACE2. Differentiation into enterocytes, and cardiomyocytes, caused ACE2 depletion. The cardiomyogenesis was accompanied by renin upregulation, delayed in HDAC1-depleted cells. In contrast, vitamin D2 decreased the renin level while ACE2 was upregulated. Together, the ACE2 level is high in non-differentiated cells. This protein is more abundant in the tissues of mouse embryos and young mice in comparison with older animals. Mostly, downregulation of ACE2 is accompanied by renin upregulation. Thus, the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease should be further studied not only by considering the ACE2 level but also the whole renin-angiotensin system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.