ArticleDiabetes2021
Peptidylarginine Deiminase Inhibition Prevents Diabetes Development in NOD Mice.
Article in Diabetes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- NEMO (IKKγ) citrullination in microglia promotes neuroinflammation in the post-ischemic brain.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- STING: An Attractive Target for Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases.Medicinal research reviews · 2026Review
- Citrullination and Deamidation in Type 1 Diabetes: Linking Beta Cell Stress to Neoantigen-Driven Autoimmunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Neoepitopes at the crossroads of immunometabolism: metabolic remodeling of antigen presentation in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting PAD4: A Promising Strategy to Combat β-Cell Loss in Type 1 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- New structural scaffolds to enhance the metabolic stability of arginine-derived PAD4 inhibitors.Results in chemistry · 2025Article
- Review
- NETs: a new target for autoimmune disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Role of Citrullination Modification in CD4Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Protein Citrullination in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases.Journal of experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Protein citrullination: inhibition, identification and insertion.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Eosinophil extracellular traps in asthma: implications for pathogenesis and therapy.Respiratory research · 2023Review
- Development of LB244, an Irreversible STING Antagonist.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- Interferon-α promotes neo-antigen formation and preferential HLA-B-restricted antigen presentation in pancreatic β-cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Targeting STING oligomerization with small-molecule inhibitors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Targeting protein modifications in metabolic diseases: molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Neutrophils in autoimmunity: when the hero becomes the villain.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Article
- Peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes and citrullinated proteins in female reproductive physiology and associated diseases†.Biology of reproduction · 2022Review
- Posttranslational modifications in diabetes: Mechanisms and functions.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022Review
- Low-dose IL-2 shapes a tolerogenic gut microbiota that improves autoimmunity and gut inflammation.JCI insight · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Protein citrullination plays a role in several autoimmune diseases. Its involvement in murine and human type 1 diabetes has recently been recognized through the discovery of antibodies and T-cell reactivity against citrullinated peptides. In the current study, we demonstrate that systemic inhibition of peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), the enzymes mediating citrullination, through BB-Cl-amidine treatment, prevents diabetes development in NOD mice. This prevention was associated with reduced levels of citrullination in the pancreas, decreased circulating autoantibody titers against citrullinated glucose-regulated protein 78, and reduced spontaneous neutrophil extracellular trap formation of bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Moreover, BB-Cl-amidine treatment induced a shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokines in the serum and an increase in the frequency of regulatory T cells in the blood and spleen. In the pancreas, BB-Cl-amidine treatment preserved insulin production and was associated with a less destructive immune infiltrate characterized by reduced frequencies of effector memory CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.