ArticleBMC public health2020
Racial discrimination and health: a prospective study of ethnic minorities in the United Kingdom.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A meta-analytic review of the relationship between racial discrimination and alcohol and other drug use outcomes in minoritised racial/ethnic groups.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of climate change on mental health in vulnerable groups: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Strategies to Improve Care in the Emergency Department for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Adults: a Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Pooled it
- Acceptability of community health worker and peer supported interventions for ethnic minorities with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative systematic review.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2024Pooled it
- Evidence-based atlas of risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders: an umbrella review to inform personalized prognosis and prevention.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Examining Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Effectiveness of Question, Persuade, Refer (QPR) Suicide Prevention Training among Black, Hispanic, and White Community Helpers.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- A Critical Literature Review of Health Inequalities, Cultural Exclusion, and the Case for a Culturally Appropriate Digital Health Promotion App for Black Communities in England.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gender, Acculturation, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among the Arab Ethnic Minority: A Syndemics Approach.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
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- Who Gets FIp? Understanding Contextual Factors in EIP Provision.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Everyday discrimination and life satisfaction: Turkish adaptation of the Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS) and the mediating role of depression.BMC psychology · 2026Article
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- Mental and Physical Health Impacts of Anti-Asian Violence on Chinese Older Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Birthing beyond the binary: An interpretative Phenomenological analysis of perinatal mental health experiences among genderqueer and nonbinary birthing people.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Barriers and facilitators to prostate cancer healthcare in Black men in the UK: from diagnosis to survivorship.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Ethnicity, subjective wellbeing, and cardiovascular disease: insights from path and machine learning analyses using data from the UK biobank.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Experience of racism in young people and future mental health in England: longitudinal analysis from the Next Steps Study.BMJ mental health · 2025Article
- Intersectionality and Long Covid: Understanding the Lived Experiences of Ethnic Minority Groups in the United Kingdom.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Facilitators and Barriers to Access to Midwife-Led Birth Settings for Racialized Women in the UK: A Scoping Review.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Ethnic Density and Mental Health: Does it Matter Whether the Ethnic Density is Co-ethnic or Multi-ethnic and How Important is Change in Ethnic Density?Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRacism has been linked with poor health in studies in the United States. Little is known about prospective associations between racial discrimination and health outcomes in the United Kingdom (UK).
methodsData were from 4883 ethnic minority (i.e. non-white) participants in the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Perceived discrimination in the last 12 months on the basis of ethnicity or nationality was reported in 2009/10. Psychological distress, mental functioning, life satisfaction, self-rated health, physical functioning and reports of limiting longstanding illness were assessed in 2009/10 and 2011/12. Linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, income, education and ethnicity. Prospective analyses also adjusted for baseline status on the outcome being evaluated.
resultsRacial discrimination was reported by 998 (20.4%) of the sample. Cross-sectionally, those who reported racial discrimination had a greater likelihood on average of limiting longstanding illness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49; 2.13) and fair/poor self-rated health (OR = 1.50; 95% CI 1.24; 1.82) than those who did not report racial discrimination. Racial discrimination was associated with greater psychological distress (B = 1.11, 95% CI 0.88; 1.34), poorer mental functioning (B = - 3.61; 95% CI -4.29; - 2.93), poorer physical functioning (B = - 0.86; 95% CI -1.50; - 0.27), and lower life satisfaction (B = - 0.40, 95% CI -0.52; - 0.27). Prospectively, those who reported racial discrimination had a greater likelihood on average of limiting longstanding illness (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.01; 1.69) and fair/poor self-rated health (OR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.00; 1.69), than those who did not report racial discrimination. Racial discrimination was associated increased psychological distress (B = 0.52, 95% CI 0.20; 0.85) and poorer mental functioning (B = - 1.77; 95% CI -2.70; - 0.83) over two-year follow-up, adjusting for baseline scores.
conclusionsUK adults belonging to ethnic minority groups who perceive racial discrimination experience poorer mental and physical health than those who do not. These results highlight the need for effective interventions to combat racial discrimination in order to reduce inequalities in health.
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