ArticlePsychonomic bulletin & review2021
Context-dependent memory effects in two immersive virtual reality environments: On Mars and underwater.
Article in Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Context brings back all the memories: a review of the physical context reinstatement effect on episodic memory.Cognitive processing · 2026Review
- Binding items to contexts through conjunctive neural representations with the method of loci.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Past, present, and future of virtual reality-based biological science education (2010-2025): a BERTopic-driven analysis.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Beyond Context-Transfer Effects: Attenuated Familiarity During Virtual Reality-Based Retrieval Across Different Encoding Modalities.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Context Size and Set Size Effects: The Relevance of Specific Cues When Searching Long-Term Memory.Computational brain & behavior · 2026Article
- Spatial contexts with reliable neural representations support reinstatement of subsequently placed objects.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Engrams Formed in Virtual Reality Exhibit Reduced Familiarity Upon Retrieval: Electrophysiological Correlates of Source Memory Retrieval Indicate Modality-Dependent Differences in Recognition Memory.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- How sturdy is your memory palace? Reliable room representations predict subsequent reinstatement of placed objects.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- You Can Stand Under My Umbrella: Cognitive Load in Second-Language Reading.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Music-evoked reactivation during continuous perception is associated with enhanced subsequent recall of naturalistic events.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Verbal working memory performance and proactive interference are largely unaffected by matching font color reinstatement.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- The effects of episodic context on memory integration.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Auditory context-dependent distraction by unexpected visual stimuli.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2024Article
- Exploring protocol development: Implementing systematic contextual memory to enhance real-time fMRI neurofeedback.Journal of electrical bioimpedance · 2024Article
- Context-dependent memory in the real world: the role of frequency and context dwell time.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- VR for Cognition and Memory.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Enhancing learning and retention with distinctive virtual reality environments and mental context reinstatement.NPJ science of learning · 2022Article
- Environment Context Variability and Incidental Word Learning: A Virtual Reality Study.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Theta-Burst Stimulation Combined With Virtual-Reality Reconsolidation Intervention for Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Study Protocol for a Randomized-Controlled Trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The context-dependent memory effect, in which memory for an item is better when the retrieval context matches the original learning context, has proved to be difficult to reproduce in a laboratory setting. In an effort to identify a set of features that generate a robust context-dependent memory effect, we developed a paradigm in virtual reality using two semantically distinct virtual contexts: underwater and Mars environments, each with a separate body of knowledge (schema) associated with it. We show that items are better recalled when retrieved in the same context as the study context; we also show that the size of the effect is larger for items deemed context-relevant at encoding, suggesting that context-dependent memory effects may depend on items being integrated into an active schema.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.