Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33201271›Full record

ReviewKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2021

Evolving evidence in the treatment of primary and recurrent posterior cruciate ligament injuries, part 1: anatomy, biomechanics and diagnostics.

Philipp W Winkler, Bálint Zsidai, Nyaluma N Wagala, Jonathan D Hughes, Alexandra Horvath, Eric Hamrin Senorski, Kristian Samuelsson, Volker Musahl

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. [Progress in prevention and treatment of knee laxity after posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025
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  19. TikTok Videos Related to the Posterior Cruciate Ligament Have Low Educational Value.Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Philipp W WinklerDepartment for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany. ph.winkler@tum.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-1010
Bálint ZsidaiDepartment of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
Nyaluma N WagalaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, 3200 S. Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA.
Jonathan D HughesDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, 3200 S. Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA.
Alexandra HorvathDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Eric Hamrin SenorskiDepartment of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Kristian SamuelssonDepartment of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
Volker MusahlDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, 3200 S. Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) represents an intra-articular structure composed of two distinct bundles. Considering the anterior and posterior meniscofemoral ligaments, a total of four ligamentous fibre bundles of the posterior knee complex act synergistically to restrain posterior and rotatory tibial loads. Injury mechanisms associated with high-energy trauma and accompanying injury patterns may complicate the diagnostic evaluation and accuracy. Therefore, a thorough and systematic diagnostic workup is necessary to assess the severity of the PCL injury and to initiate an appropriate treatment approach. Since structural damage to the PCL occurs in more than one third of trauma patients experiencing acute knee injury with hemarthrosis, background knowledge for management of PCL injuries is important. In Part 1 of the evidence-based update on management of primary and recurrent PCL injuries, the anatomical, biomechanical, and diagnostic principles are presented. This paper aims to convey the anatomical and biomechanical knowledge needed for accurate diagnosis to facilitate subsequent decision-making in the treatment of PCL injuries.Level of evidence V.

Indexed as

AdultBiomechanical PhenomenaFemaleHemarthrosisHumansKneeKnee InjuriesKnee JointLigaments, ArticularMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalePosterior Cruciate LigamentPosterior Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionRadiographyRecurrenceRotationAnatomyBiomechanicsDiagnostic workupKneePCLPosterior cruciate ligamentPosterior stress radiographRevision

Identifiers

PMID33201271
PMCPMC7917041

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.