Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33200438›Full record

ArticleMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2021

A Gain-of-Function Variant in Dopamine D2 Receptor and Progressive Chorea and Dystonia Phenotype.

Marlous C M van der Weijden, Dayana Rodriguez-Contreras, Cathérine C S Delnooz, Brooks G Robinson, Alec F Condon, Michelle L Kielhold, Gilles N Stormezand, Kai Yu Ma, Claudia Dufke, John T Williams and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Cardiovascular pharmacology of dopaminergic agents in humans: a review.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026
    Review
  2. Update on Genetic Chorea.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Clinical implications of genetic polymorphisms in blepharospasm.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024
    Article
  7. Review
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  16. Article
  17. Emerging and converging molecular mechanisms in dystonia.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Marlous C M van der WeijdenDepartment of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5922-5760
Dayana Rodriguez-ContrerasDepartment of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Cathérine C S DelnoozDepartment of Neurology, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0945-8494
Brooks G RobinsonVollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5020-531X
Alec F CondonVollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2655-2121
Michelle L KielholdDepartment of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9304-9174
Gilles N StormezandDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1370-8791
Kai Yu MaDepartment of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6300-0882
Claudia DufkeInstitute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5225-2443
John T WilliamsVollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0647-6144
Kim A NeveDepartment of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0109-7345
Marina A J TijssenExpertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5783-571X
Dineke S VerbeekDepartment of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4759-7006
Oregon Health & Science University · USUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NLRadboud University Nijmegen · NLUniversity of Tübingen · DE

Funding

Characterization of a DRD2 Variant that is Associated With a Movement DisorderR21NS117713 · NINDS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI NEVE, KIM ARTHUR · 2020 to 2020
$345k
Cocaine-induced plasticity of D2 receptor synapsesK99DA044287 · NIDA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI ROBINSON, BROOKS G · 2018 to 2019
$162k
Desensitization and recovery of D2 autoreceptorsF31DA047007 · NIDA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI CONDON, ALEC · 2018 to 2020
$135k
Dopamine D2 Receptor Splice Variants and Autoreceptor FunctionI01BX003279 · VA · PORTLAND VA MEDICAL CENTER · PI NEVE, KIM ARTHUR · 2017 to 2020
–
BLRD VA I01 BX003279NIDA NIH HHS F31 DA047007NIDA NIH HHS K99 DA044287NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS117713
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe describe a 4-generation Dutch pedigree with a unique dominantly inherited clinical phenotype of a combined progressive chorea and cervical dystonia carrying a novel heterozygous dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) variant.

objectivesThe objective of this study was to identify the genetic cause of the disease and to further investigate the functional consequences of the genetic variant.

methodsAfter detailed clinical and neurological examination, whole-exome sequencing was performed. Because a novel variant in the DRD2 gene was found as the likely causative gene defect in our pedigree, we sequenced the DRD2 gene in a cohort of 121 Huntington-like cases with unknown genetic cause (Germany). Moreover, functional characterization of the DRD2 variant included arrestin recruitment, G protein activation, and G protein-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase determined in a cell model, and G protein-regulated inward-rectifying potassium channels measured in midbrain slices of mice.

resultWe identified a novel heterozygous variant c.634A > T, p.Ile212Phe in exon 5 of DRD2 that cosegregated with the clinical phenotype. Screening of the German cohort did not reveal additional putative disease-causing variants. We demonstrated that the D2

conclusionsOur results support an association between the novel p.Ile212Phe variant in DRD2, its modified D2 receptor activity, and the hyperkinetic movement disorder reported in the 4-generation pedigree. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Indexed as

ChoreaDystoniaAnimalsGain of Function MutationGermanyMicePhenotypeReceptors, Dopamine D2Receptors, Dopamine D2choreadopamine D2 receptordystoniahyperkinetic movement disorder

Identifiers

PMID33200438
PMCPMC8049080
OpenAlexW3105928045

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.