Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33200338›Full record

ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2022

A multi-trajectory analysis of commonly co-occurring mental health issues across childhood and adolescence.

Aja L Murray, Manuel Eisner, Daniel Nagin, Denis Ribeaud

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Constructs, Predictive Factors and Measures: Insights From the Mental Health in the Moment (MHIM) Co-Production Panel.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025
    Review
  4. Coproducing an Ecological Momentary Assessment Measurement Burst Mental Health Study With Young People: The MHIM Coproduction Protocol.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Development of Internalizing Mental Health Symptoms from Early Childhood to Late Adolescence.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Within-family relations of mental health problems across childhood and adolescence.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Aja L MurrayDepartment of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK. Aja.Murray@ed.ac.uk.
Manuel EisnerInstitute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Daniel NaginCarnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Denis RibeaudJacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Developmental trajectories of mental health issues can often be usefully summarised in a small number of clinically meaningful subtypes. Given the high levels of heterotypic and homotypic comorbidity in child and adolescent mental health symptoms, we explored whether it was possible to identify clinically meaningful developmental subtypes of multiple commonly co-occurring mental health issues. We evaluated the combined developmental trajectories of the most common and commonly co-occurring child and adolescent mental health issues: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), internalising, and externalising symptoms in a normative sample of youth with data (n = 1620) at ages 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 15 using group-based multi-trajectory modelling. Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors of group membership. Our optimal model included six trajectory groups, labelled 'unaffected', 'normative maturing', 'internalising', 'multimorbid late onset', 'multimorbid remitting', and 'multimorbid with remitting externalising'. Examining covariates of group membership suggested that males and bully victims tend to have complex mental health profiles; academic achievement and smoking during pregnancy have general associations with mental health irrespective of symptom developmental trajectories or combination; and maternal post-natal depression is primarily related to symptoms that are already in evidence by the beginning of the school years. Results suggest that developmental trajectories of commonly co-occurring mental health issues can be usefully summarised in terms of a small number of developmental subtypes. These subtypes more often than not involve multiple co-occurring mental health issues. Their association with mental health covariates depends on the combination and developmental timing of symptoms in ways that suggest they can be clinically informative.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityMental HealthAdolescentChildChild BehaviorComorbidityHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderComorbidityDevelopmental trajectoriesExternalising problemsGroup-based trajectory modellingInternalising problems

Identifiers

PMID33200338
PMCPMC8816777

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.