SynthesisCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2021
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Article
- 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Incidence and risk assessment of thyroid dysfunction following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Challenges and pitfalls in the management of endocrine toxicities from immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case presentation of synchronous thyrotoxicosis and primary adrenal insufficiency in a melanoma patient.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2024Article
- Research hot spots and trends in endocrine-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a bibliometric analysis and visualization research.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- Inflammatory and Infectious Disorders in Endocrine Pathology.Endocrine pathology · 2023Review
- Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: From Its Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Practice.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2023Review
- Autoimmunity and Carcinogenesis: Their Relationship under the Umbrella of Autophagy.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Updates on the immunopathology and genomics of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Review
- 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023.Diabetes care · 2023 · on this mapReview
- Type 1 diabetes associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for malignant melanoma: A case report and review of 8 cases.Medicine · 2022Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Endocrinopathies.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2022Article
- Thyroid-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Autoimmunity and Cancer-Two Sides of the Same Coin.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The double-edged sword: Harnessing PD-1 blockade in tumor and autoimmunity.Science immunology · 2021Review
- High expression of PYCARD is an independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in glioma.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Natural Killer Cells as Key Mediators in Type I Diabetes Immunopathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo summarize the clinical characteristics and immunological and genetic features of patients who developed autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II (APS-2) after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). DESIGN AND
methodsSeveral databases (MEDLINE/EMBASE/Cochrane) were searched for studies published between January 2000 and February 2020 involving patients with two or more endocrine disorders after ICI therapy.
resultsOur final review included 22 articles comprising 23 patients (median age 56 years; 65.2% male patients). Of these patients, 60.9% received anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) therapy, 17.4% received anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy, and 4.3% received anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) monotherapy. Patients underwent a median of four treatment cycles before the onset of the primary adverse event; the median time of onset was 8.5 weeks. Endocrine organs affected by ICI administration included the thyroid gland (18/23, 78.3%), pancreatic islets (17/23, 73.9%), pituitary gland (11/23, 47.8%), and adrenal gland (2/23, 8.7%). Related autoantibodies were detected in 65.2% of patients. In patients with diabetes, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody was closely related to the development of diabetes ketoacidosis. The human leukocyte antigen genotype was reported in 34.8% (8/23) of patients, 5 (62.5%) of which had risk genotypes.
conclusionsAs a serious adverse event of ICI treatment, APS-2 is presented with abrupt initiation time and rapid development. Physicians should be aware of potential endocrine disorders and continue monitoring hormone status when treating cancer patients with ICIs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.