ArticleModern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc2021
Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS): prognostic significance of grading in non-small cell lung cancer.
Article in Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 70 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Analysis of Individual Patient Data Demonstrates that Sublobar Resection Followed by Adjuvant Chemotherapy has Equivalent Prognosis to Lobectomy in Patients with Stage I NSCLC with Spread through Air Spaces.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic performance of radiomics analysis for pulmonary cancer airway spread: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2025Pooled it
- Could less be enough: sublobar resection vs lobectomy for clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer patients with visceral pleural invasion or spread through air spaces.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic factors for resected invasive mucinous lung adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Sublobar resection versus lobectomy for stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer ≤ 2 cm: a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis.Updates in surgery · 2023Pooled it
- The prognostic significance of tumor spread through air space in stage I lung adenocarcinoma.Thoracic cancer · 2022Pooled it
- Genomic and transcriptomic landscape of spread through air spaces in stage 1 lung adenocarcinoma.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Evaluation of grading systems among pulmonary adenocarcinomas: architectural grade combined with STAS is superior to others - a single centre study.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Ensemble machine learning classifiers based on computed tomography radiomics for predicting spread through air spaces in lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study with transcriptomic interpretation.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Spread through air spaces as a marker of nonlinear evolutionary trajectories in lung cancer: implications for the 9th edition TNM classification.Journal of pathology and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Prognostic Implications of Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces in Patients with Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cumulative high-risk surgical and pathologic features predict recurrence after resection of early-stage node-negative non-small cell lung cancer.JTCVS open · 2026Article
- Tumor Spread through Air Spaces in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma: Surgical Implications and Patient Management Strategies.Journal of chest surgery · 2026Review
- Machine learning-based preoperative prediction of spread through air spaces in clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer: a single-center study integrating clinical and CT imaging characteristics.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- STAS More than a Prognostic Marker-An Evolving Factor in Operative and Adjuvant Treatment Decisions in Early-Stage NSCLC.Cancers · 2026Review
- Risk factors for pathological invasiveness of non-mucinous invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma with a maximum diameter of less than or equal to 3 cm in thin-section CT: a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Spread Through Air Spaces in Colorectal Lung Metastases Signals Local Recurrenece and Reflects Morphologic Aggressiveness of the Primary Tumor.Pathology international · 2026Article
- Development of a machine learning model for preoperative prediction of spread through air spaces in resectable non-small cell lung cancer: A single-center retrospective study.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Computed tomography-based tumoral and peritumoral radiomics models for preoperative prediction of the spread through air spaces in patients with clinical stage I pure solid invasive lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Correlations and prognostic impacts of tumor spread through airspaces in surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study from Jordan.Journal of pathology and translational medicine · 2026Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) is an invasive pattern of lung cancer that was recently described. In this study, we investigated the association between the extent of STAS and clinicopathological characteristics and patient outcomes in resected non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). STAS has been prospectively described from 2008 and graded its extent with a two-tiered system (STAS I: <2500 μm [one field of ×10 objective lens] from the edge of tumor and STAS II: ≥2500 μm from the edge of tumor) from 2011 in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. We retrospectively analyzed the correlations between the extent of STAS and clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic significance in 1869 resected NSCLCs. STAS was observed in 765 cases (40.9%) with 456 STAS I (24.4%) and 309 STAS II (16.5%). STAS was more frequently found in patients with adenocarcinoma (ADC) (than squamous cell carcinoma), pleural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and/or higher pathologic stage. In ADC, there were significant differences in recurrence free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and lung cancer specific survival (LCSS) according to the extent of STAS. In stage IA non-mucinous ADC, multivariate analysis revealed that STAS II was significantly associated with shorter RFS and LCSS (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). In addition, STAS II was an independent poor prognostic factor for recurrence in both limited and radical resection groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.023, respectively). In conclusion, presence of STAS II was an independent poor prognostic factor in stage IA non-mucinous ADC regardless of the extent of resection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.