Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33198717›Full record

SynthesisBMC public health2020

Exercise/physical activity and health outcomes: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.

Pawel Posadzki, Dawid Pieper, Ram Bajpai, Hubert Makaruk, Nadja Könsgen, Annika Lena Neuhaus, Monika Semwal

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 249 papers, 21 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
249citing papers in PubMed, 21 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

249 citing papers in PubMed, 21 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  18. Behaviour change interventions to improve physical activity in adults: a systematic review of economic evaluations.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2024
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189 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Pawel PosadzkiKleijnen Systematic Reviews Ltd., York, UK.
Dawid PieperInstitute for Research in Operative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany. dawid.pieper@uni-wh.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0715-5182
Ram BajpaiSchool of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.
Hubert MakarukJozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Faculty Physical Education and Health, Biala Podlaska, Poland.
Nadja KönsgenInstitute for Research in Operative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Annika Lena NeuhausInstitute for Research in Operative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Monika SemwalHealth Outcomes Division, University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Austin, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. It has been estimated that approximately 3.2 million deaths each year are attributable to insufficient levels of physical activity. We evaluated the available evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews (CSRs) on the effectiveness of exercise/physical activity for various health outcomes.

methodsOverview and meta-analysis. The Cochrane Library was searched from 01.01.2000 to issue 1, 2019. No language restrictions were imposed. Only CSRs of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Both healthy individuals, those at risk of a disease, and medically compromised patients of any age and gender were eligible. We evaluated any type of exercise or physical activity interventions; against any types of controls; and measuring any type of health-related outcome measures. The AMSTAR-2 tool for assessing the methodological quality of the included studies was utilised.

resultsHundred and fifty CSRs met the inclusion criteria. There were 54 different conditions. Majority of CSRs were of high methodological quality. Hundred and thirty CSRs employed meta-analytic techniques and 20 did not. Limitations for studies were the most common reasons for downgrading the quality of the evidence. Based on 10 CSRs and 187 RCTs with 27,671 participants, there was a 13% reduction in mortality rates risk ratio (RR) 0.87 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.78 to 0.96]; I

conclusionThere is a plethora of CSRs evaluating the effectiveness of physical activity/exercise. The evidence suggests that physical activity/exercise reduces mortality rates and improves QOL with minimal or no safety concerns.

trial registrationRegistered in PROSPERO ( CRD42019120295 ) on 10th January 2019.

Indexed as

ExerciseHealth StatusHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicReview Literature as TopicEffectivenessExerciseHealthMortality

Identifiers

PMID33198717
PMCPMC7670795

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.