ReviewBiomedicines2020
Current Evidence and Limitation of Biomarkers for Detecting Sepsis and Systemic Infection.
Review in Biomedicines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04718623 (Evaluation of Presepsin and Syndecan-1 as Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sepsis Following Major Surgeries), which is not on this map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Presepsin and Syndecan-1 as Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sepsis Following Major Surgeries
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis: nutritional strategies for restoring bioenergetic homeostasis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic value of C-reactive protein levels in pulmonary infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- [A prospective randomized controlled study on the curative effects of enteral immunonutrition support therapy in adult burn patients at nutritional risk].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2022Trial
- METTL7B Expression in Sepsis: Association With Disease Severity and 28-Day Mortality.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Recent advances in the biosensing platforms for sepsis diagnosis.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Performance of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Membrane Glycoprotein Cluster of Differentiation-64 (CD64) for Acute Appendicitis in Girls Presenting with Lower Abdominal Pain.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comorbidities, Routine Biomarkers and Early Septic Shock Occurrence in Patients with Sepsis: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lightweight large language models for early sepsis prediction via a semantic abstraction rule engine.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Integration of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Lactate for diagnostic and early risk stratification in pediatric sepsis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Proteomic biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis in pediatric sepsis.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Citrullinated histone H3 and procalcitonin in the diagnosis and predicting the outcome of septic shock.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Bacteriological profile of early versus late-onset neonatal sepsis at tertiary care hospital in Nepal.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Identification of Monocyte CD11c as a Potential Biomarker for Distinguishing Sepsis From Non-Infectious Inflammation and Predicting the Outcome of Sepsis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome in sepsis: from dysbiotic biomarker to precision and palliative decision-making.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Sepsis biomarkers: recent advances and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Calprotectin, Azurocidin, and Interleukin-8: Neutrophil Signatures with Diagnostic and Prognostic Value in Sepsis.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Octanoyl-carnitine predicts post operative complications following coronary artery bypass surgery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Is GDF15 a Feasible Biomarker in Sepsis?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early Prediction of Septic Shock in Emergency Department Using Serum Metabolites.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2025Article
- Advancing risk factor identification for pediatric lobar pneumonia: the promise of machine learning technologies.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sepsis was recently redefined as a life-threatening disease involving organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Biomarkers play an important role in early detection, diagnosis, and prognostication. We reviewed six promising biomarkers for detecting sepsis and systemic infection, including C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CD64, presepsin, and sTREM-1. Among the recent studies, we found the following risks of bias: only a few studies adopted the random or consecutive sampling strategy; extensive case-control analysis, which worsened the over-estimated performance; most of the studies used post hoc cutoff values; and heterogeneity with respect to the inclusion criteria, small sample sizes, and different quantitative synthesis methods applied in meta-analyses. We recommend that CD64 and presepsin should be considered as the most promising biomarkers for diagnosing sepsis. Future studies should enroll a larger sample size with a cohort rather than a case-control study design. A random or consecutive study design with a pre-specified laboratory threshold, consistent sampling timing, and an updated definition of sepsis will also increase the reliability of the studies. Further investigations of appropriate specimens, testing assays, and cutoff levels for specific biomarkers are also warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.