ReviewCurrent opinion in neurobiology2021
Dopamine, Updated: Reward Prediction Error and Beyond.
Review in Current opinion in neurobiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed.
- Upregulation of reward mesolimbic activity and immune response to vaccination: a randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Temporal Dynamics of Reward Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders: Memory-Derived Value, Incentive Salience, Hedonic Impact, and Value Updating.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Review
- The multilevel exploration test, a novel paradigm to measure exploratory behavior in depression animal models and the involvement of the PL-ZI circuit.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Probing biomarkers and clinical utility of reward learning across species using the Probabilistic Reward Task: 20 years of findings.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Prediction error correlates in the striosome-dopamine circuit emerge from information gain.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Striatal Prediction Error Tracking Moderates the Influence of Social Exposure on Adolescent Substance Use Curiosity.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Right vagus nerve stimulation promotes motor cortical plasticity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Distinct dopaminergic spike-timing-dependent plasticity rules are suited to different functional roles.Biological cybernetics · 2026Article
- Disinhibition of ventral tegmental area during initial punishment learning causes enduring punishment insensitivity.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Dopamine-Induced Seizure in a Heart Failure Patient: A Case Report and Review of Neurotoxic Implications.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Dopamine Dynamics in the Nucleus Accumbens Reflect Confidence in Detecting the Occurrence and Nonoccurrence of Visual Signals in Perceptual Decision-Making.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Aging reduces motivation through decreased Bdnf expression in the ventral tegmental area.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Dopamine Supports Reward Prediction to Shape Reward-Pursuit Strategy.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- A ventral tegmental area GABAergic projection to the ventral pallidum regulates value-based decision making in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- State-Dependent CNN-GRU Reinforcement Framework for Robust EEG-Based Sleep Stage Classification.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The comfort paradox in emotional AI: how AI-mediated anxiety regulation may foster psychological dependence.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Sense of agency and decision making.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Octopamine instructs head direction plasticity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Phasic dopamine encodes persistent attraction to reward cues.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Dopamine neurons have been intensely studied for their roles in reinforcement learning. A dominant theory of how these neurons contribute to learning is through the encoding of a reward prediction error (RPE) signal. Recent advances in dopamine research have added nuance to RPE theory by incorporating the ideas of sensory prediction error, distributional encoding, and belief states. Further nuance is likely to be added shortly by convergent lines of research on dopamine neuron diversity. Finally, a major challenge is to reconcile RPE theory with other current theories of dopamine function to account for dopamine's role in movement, motivation, and goal-directed planning.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.