ArticleJournal of youth and adolescence2021
Country-Level Structural Stigma, School-Based and Adulthood Victimization, and Life Satisfaction Among Sexual Minority Adults: A Life Course Approach.
Article in Journal of youth and adolescence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Legal Vulnerability Model for Same-Sex Parent Families: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review and Theoretical Integration.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Pooled it
- HIV Concealment and Victimization Among Adolescents with HIV (AWH): The Moderating Role of Emotional Social Support.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Mental health and its drivers in lesbian, bisexual and queer-identifying women at a South African higher education institution: a qualitative study.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Disentangling the Heterogeneity in Minority Stress: A Data Mining Approach.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Mental disorders and sexual orientation in college students across 13 countries of differing levels of LGBTQ+ acceptance.Journal of psychiatric research · 2025Article
- LGB (lesbian, gay, and bisexual) state policy protections and substance use disparities.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- The socioecology of sexual minority stigma: Advancing theory on stigma-based mechanisms underlying sexual orientation-based disparities in health.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Structural Homophobia and Suicidal Ideation and Behavior Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents.Stigma and health · 2024Article
- Out of the Closet, but Not Out of the Woods: The Longitudinal Associations Between Identity Disclosure, Discrimination, and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Sexual Minoritized Young Adults.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2024Article
- "There's a lot of conflict between your queer identity and also your Muslim or Arab identity;" A qualitative exploration of the intersectional minority stressors of U.S.-born Arab sexual minority cisgender men.SSM. Qualitative research in health · 2024Article
- Queering critical consciousness: Measurement and implications of critical consciousness among sexual and gender minority youth.Research in human development · 2024Article
- Kept in the Closet: Structural Stigma and the Timing of Sexual Minority Developmental Milestones Across 28 European Countries.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2023Article
- A Developmental Model of the Sexual Minority Closet: Structural Sensitization, Psychological Adaptations, and Post-closet Growth.Archives of sexual behavior · 2023Article
- Stronger together: community participation, structural stigma, and depression among sexual and gender minority adults in 28 European countries.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2023Article
- Structural Stigma and Sexual Minority Victimization Across 28 Countries: The Moderating Role of Gender, Gender Nonconformity, and Socioeconomic Status.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2023Article
- Article
- Associations Among Enacted Stigma, Perceived Chances for Success, Life Satisfaction, and Substance Use Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
- An examination of theory-based suicidal ideation risk factors in college students with multiple marginalized identities.The American journal of orthopsychiatry · 2023Article
- Complex Outness Patterns Among Sexual Minority Youth: A Latent Class Analysis.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2022Article
- Comprehensive Sexuality Education Improves Primary Students' Explicit and Implicit Attitudes Toward Homosexuality.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Country-level structural stigma, defined as prejudiced population attitudes and discriminatory legislation and policies, has been suggested to compromise the wellbeing of sexual minority adults. This study explores whether and how structural stigma might be associated with sexual minorities' school-based and adulthood experiences of victimization and adulthood life satisfaction. Using a sample of 55,263 sexual minority individuals (22% female; 53% 18-29 years old; 85% lesbian/gay, 15% bisexual) living across 28 European countries and a country-level index of structural stigma, results show that sexual minorities, especially men, reported school bullying in both higher- and lower-stigma countries. Higher rates of school bullying were found among sexual minorities living in higher-stigma countries when open about their identity at school. Past exposure to school bullying was associated with lower adulthood life satisfaction, an association partially explained by an increased risk of adulthood victimization. These findings suggest that sexual minorities living in higher-stigma countries might benefit from not being open about their sexual identity at school, despite previously established mental health costs of identity concealment, because of the reduced risk of school bullying and adverse adulthood experiences. These results provide one of the first indications that structural stigma is associated with sexual minority adults' wellbeing through both contemporaneous and historical experiences of victimization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.