ArticleGenome biology and evolution2021
Unbiased Subgenome Evolution in Allotetraploid Species of Ephedra and Its Implications for the Evolution of Large Genomes in Gymnosperms.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using Nuclear Genomic Data to Address Intractable Relationships and Gene Tree Discordance in an Ancient Group of Gymnosperms (Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- The evolution of gene expression in allopolyploid cotton relative to parental diploids and induced haploids.aBIOTECH · 2026Article
- Genomic and epigenomic coordination maintains subgenome transcriptional balance in allotetraploidHorticulture research · 2026Article
- Exploring the complexity of genome size reduction in angiosperms.Plant molecular biology · 2024Review
- Differential subgenome expression underlies biomass accumulation in allotetraploid Pennisetum giganteum.BMC biology · 2023Article
- Allopolyploidy: An Underestimated Driver inLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Multiple origins, one evolutionary trajectory: gradual evolution characterizes distinct lineages of allotetraploid Brachypodium.Genetics · 2023Article
- Population genomics and subgenome evolution of the allotetraploid frog Xenopus laevis in southern Africa.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- Subgenome evolutionary dynamics in allotetraploid ferns: insights from the gene expression patterns in the allotetraploid speciesFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Genome-wide chromatin accessibility analysis unveils open chromatin convergent evolution during polyploidization in cotton.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Fleshy or dry: transcriptome analyses reveal the genetic mechanisms underlying bract development in Ephedra.EvoDevo · 2022Article
- Trajectories of Homoeolog-Specific Expression in AllotetraploidFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The evolutionary dynamics of polyploid genomes and consequences of polyploidy have been studied extensively in angiosperms but very rarely in gymnosperms. The gymnospermous genus Ephedra is characterized by a high frequency of polyploidy, and thus provides an ideal system to investigate the evolutionary mode of allopolyploid genomes and test whether subgenome dominance has occurred in gymnosperms. Here, we sequenced transcriptomes of two allotetraploid species of Ephedra and their putative diploid progenitors, identified expressed homeologs, and analyzed alternative splicing and homeolog expression based on PacBio Iso-Seq and Illumina RNA-seq data. We found that the two subgenomes of the allotetraploids had similar numbers of expressed homeologs, similar percentages of homeologs with dominant expression, and approximately equal numbers of isoforms with alternative splicing, showing an unbiased subgenome evolution as in a few polyploid angiosperms, with a divergence of the two subgenomes at ∼8 Ma. In addition, the nuclear DNA content of the allotetraploid species is almost equal to the sum of two putative progenitors, suggesting limited genome restructuring after allotetraploid speciation. The allopolyploid species of Ephedra might have undergone slow diploidization, and the unbiased subgenome evolution implies that the formation of large genomes in gymnosperms could be attributed to even and slow fractionation following polyploidization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.