ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
The Impact of Milk and Its Components on Epigenetic Programming of Immune Function in Early Life and Beyond: Implications for Allergy and Asthma.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Maternal Diet and Frequency of Micronuclei in Mothers and Newborns: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Consumption of milk and dairy products and risk of asthma in children: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2023Pooled it
- Review
- Dynamic Remodeling of the Human Milk Serum Proteome Across Lactation: A Paired Two-Stage DIA Proteomic Study in Term and Preterm Mothers.Nutrients · 2026Article
- α-Linolenic acid alleviates ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in mice and modulates GPR120-NF-κB signaling.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Nutrition as a Modifiable Factor in Optimizing Respiratory Health: Evidence from Pulmonary Function Tests.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Predominant miRNAs in Animal-Source Foods and Bioinformatic Analysis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Spatial Epidemiology of the Ischemic Heart Disease-Asthma Comorbidity: A Global Analysis of Burden Patterns, Risk Drivers, and a Composite Risk Index.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and the gut-lung axis: links to asthma and its common comorbidities.PeerJ · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Microbiome and Metabolome Shifts After Successful Intervention in Impending Stunting in Indonesian Infants.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Article
- The Microecological-Immune Axis in Pediatric Allergic Diseases: Imbalance Mechanisms and Regulatory Interventions.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Home as a Modulator of Milk Immunity: Association Between Domestic Factors and Immune Cell Populations in Human Breast Milk.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Fermented Apple Juice Reduces the Susceptibility of Offspring Mice to Food Allergy Exacerbated by Maternal High-Fat Diet.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Gut-X axis.iMeta · 2025Review
- IgE versus IgG and IgA: Differential roles of allergen-specific antibodies in sensitization, tolerization, and treatment of allergies.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- The interaction of breastfeeding and genetic factors on childhood obesity.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2024Review
- Malnutrition and Allergies: Tipping the Immune Balance towards Health.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Heat-Stress Impacts on Developing Bovine Oocytes: Unraveling Epigenetic Changes, Oxidative Stress, and Developmental Resilience.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Development of systemic and mucosal immune responses against gut microbiota in early life and implications for the onset of allergies.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Specific and adequate nutrition during pregnancy and early life is an important factor in avoiding non-communicable diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancers, and chronic allergic diseases. Although epidemiologic and experimental studies have shown that nutrition is important at all stages of life, it is especially important in prenatal and the first few years of life. During the last decade, there has been a growing interest in the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in the increasing health problems associated with allergic disease. Epigenetics involves several mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs which can modify the expression of genes. In this study, we focus on the effects of maternal nutrition during pregnancy, the effects of the bioactive components in human and bovine milk, and the environmental factors that can affect early life (i.e., farming, milk processing, and bacterial exposure), and which contribute to the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the persistent programming of immune functions and allergic diseases. This knowledge will help to improve approaches to nutrition in early life and help prevent allergies in the future.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.