ReviewClinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology2020
Carcinoid Heart Disease: How to Diagnose and Treat in 2020?
Review in Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carcinoid Heart Disease: The Role of Echocardiography in Raising the First Suspicion.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Concomitant carcinoid heart disease and patent foramen ovale: a case report and review of literature.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Carcinoid Heart Disease.Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology · 2024Article
- Rare Case of Neuroendocrine Metastasis to the Left Ventricle.JACC. Case reports · 2024Article
- Carcinoid Heart Disease.Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology · 2024Article
- NT-proBNP as a neuroendocrine tumor biomarker: beyond heart failure.Endocrine connections · 2023Article
- Carcinoid Heart Disease Management: A Multi-Disciplinary Collaboration.The oncologist · 2023Article
- Late-stage diagnosis of carcinoid heart disease due to lack of access to health care.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2023Article
- Heart Failure in a Patient With Metastatic Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumor.Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Serum Biomarkers for Risk Stratification and Patient Management in Cardio-Oncology.Current cardiology reports · 2023Review
- The Role of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Involvement in a Rare Systemic Condition: The Carcinoid Heart Disease: A Case Report and Review of Literature.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs, originally termed "carcinoids") create a relatively rare group of neoplasms with an approximate incidence rate of 2.5 to 5 cases per 100 000 persons. Roughly 30% to 40% of subjects with NETs develop carcinoid syndrome (CS), and 20% to 50% of subjects with CS are diagnosed with carcinoid heart disease (CaHD). The long-standing exposure to high serum serotonin concentration is one of the crucial factors in CaHD development. White plaque-like deposits on the endocardial surface of heart structures with valve leaflets and subvalvular apparatus thickening (fused and shortened chordae; thickened papillary muscles) are characteristic for CaHD. NT pro-BNP and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid are the 2 most useful screening markers. Long-acting somatostatin analogs are the standard of care in symptoms control. They are also the first-line treatment for tumor control in subjects with a metastatic somatostatin receptor avid disease. In cases refractory to somatostatin analogs, several options are available. We can increase a somatostatin analog to off-label doses, add telotristat ethyl or administer peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Cardiac surgery, which mainly involves valve replacement, is presently the most efficient strategy in subjects with advanced CaHD and can relieve unmanageable symptoms or be partly responsible for better prognosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.