ArticleJournal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)2021
RNA sequencing reveals BMP4 as a basis for the dual-target treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
Article in Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ythdf2 loss in microglia aggravates ischemic retinopathy by increasing microglia activation and microvascular anomalies.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Scutellarin attenuates high glucose-induced edema and inflammation in retinal Müller cells via AQP4/Kir4.1 restoration and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB inhibition.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Current trends in single-cell RNA sequencing applications in diabetes mellitus.FEBS open bio · 2025Review
- Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) at the forefront of ocular diseases and therapeutics.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Review
- Insight into dysregulated VEGF-related genes in diabetic retinopathy through bioinformatic analyses.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint PD-L1 Modulates Retinal Microglial Activation to Alleviate Vascular Leakage in Choroidal Neovascularization via ERK.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- New insights of potential biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy: integrated multi-omic analyses.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Microvascular destabilization and intricated network of the cytokines in diabetic retinopathy: from the perspective of cellular and molecular components.Cell & bioscience · 2024Review
- A Nucleic Acid-Based LYTAC Plus Platform to Simultaneously Mediate Disease-Driven Protein Downregulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- The gut-eye axis: the retinal/ocular degenerative diseases and the emergent therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Article
- BMP4 aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction of HRMECs.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Single-cell RNA-seq and bulk-seq identify RAB17 as a potential regulator of angiogenesis by human dermal microvascular endothelial cells in diabetic foot ulcers.Burns & trauma · 2023Article
- The gut-retina axis: a new perspective in the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Editorial: Dysbiosis, obesity, and inflammation: interrelated phenomena causes or effects of metabolic syndrome?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Systems biology of angiogenesis signaling: Computational models and omics.WIREs mechanisms of disease · 2022Review
- Application Progress of High-Throughput Sequencing in Ocular Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Senescence marker protein30 protects lens epithelial cells against oxidative damage by restoring mitochondrial function.Bioengineered · 2022Article
- An integrated RNA sequencing and network pharmacology approach reveals the molecular mechanism of dapagliflozin in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Antioxidative effects of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein-associated splicing factor against pathological retinal angiogenesis through promotion of mitochondrial function.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR), currently considered as a neurovascular disease, has become the major cause of blindness. More and more scholars believe that DR is no longer just a kind of microvascular disease, but accompanied by retinal neurodegenerative changes. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs is a classic treatment for DR; however, anti-VEGF drugs can exacerbate fibrosis and eventually lead to retinal detachment. The aim of this study was to explore the pathogenesis of DR and identified new treatments that can provide dual-target intervention for angiogenesis and fibrosis.
methodsWe explored changes in gene expression in high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cells using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. We identified bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and SMAD family member 9 (SMAD9) among 449 differentially expressed genes from RNA-seq data and confirmed the expression of these two genes in the blood of diabetes patients by RT-PCR and in streptozotocin-induced rat retinas by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and western blot. Moreover, considering that DR is a multifactorial and multicellular disease, we used hydrogen peroxide (H
resultsThe results demonstrated that BMP4 and SMAD9 were highly expressed in both in vivo and in vitro models, while BMP4 could significantly upregulate the expression of SMAD9 and promote the expression of VEGF and fibrosis factors.
conclusionsThis study is the first to analyze the mechanism by which high glucose levels affect retinal vascular endothelial cells through RNA transcriptome sequencing and indicates that BMP4 may be a potential target for the dual-target treatment (anti-VEGF and anti-fibrosis) of DR. KEY MESSAGES: • High-glucose effect on vascular endothelial cell was analyzed by RNA-seq. • KEGG analysis revealed enrichment of TGF-beta signaling pathway. • SMAD9 and BMP4 expression was upregulated in all samples. • Dual-target therapy of PDR by antagonizing BMP4.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.