Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33188538›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol review2021

The socio-environmental context of simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use among young adults: Examining day-level associations.

Ashley N Linden-Carmichael, Hannah K Allen, Stephanie T Lanza

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol review, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Early-day psychosocial predictors of later-day simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use among college-attending young adults.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
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  7. Use and co-use of alcohol and cannabis following physical pain in the daily life of community adults engaged in regular substance use.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Combined use of alcohol and cannabis: Introduction to the special issue.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2021
    Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ashley N Linden-CarmichaelEdna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8187-6538
Hannah K AllenCollege of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9742-4018
Stephanie T LanzaEdna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.
Pennsylvania State University · US

Funding

Pilot, Mentoring, and Professional Development CoreP50DA039838 · NIDA · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI COLLINS, LINDA M · 2015 to 2019
$13.9M
PREVENTION AND METHODOLOGY TRAINING (PAMT)T32DA017629 · NIDA · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY-UNIV PARK · PI Eric D Claus, Rina D Eiden · 2005 to 2026
$9.5M
Simultaneous Alcohol and Marijuana Use: Momentary Influences and ConsequencesK01AA026854 · NIAAA · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI LINDEN-CARMICHAEL, ASHLEY NICOLE · 2019 to 2023
$826k
NIAAA NIH HHS K01 AA026854NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA039838NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA017629
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND

aimsSimultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use is reported by roughly 30% of young adult drinkers. Among SAM users, SAM use days have more negative substance-related consequences than single-substance days. Little information is available about contextual factors contributing to the likelihood of SAM use on a particular day. This study compared days on which individuals reported SAM use relative to days on which they reported alcohol but not marijuana use in terms of physical location, engagement in risky activities and social context of use. DESIGN AND

methodsParticipants were 148 young adults (57% female) reporting past-month SAM use and past two-week binge drinking. Participants completed up to 14 daily surveys assessing substance use behaviour and socio-environmental characteristics of use.

resultsFor those <21 years, only using at home was associated with greater odds of SAM use. For those 21+, using at a friend's house and outdoors were associated with increased odds of use; using at a bar/club was associated with lower odds. Using alone was associated with lower odds of use for those 21+. Engagement in risky activities (pre-gaming and drinking games) was not associated with SAM use. DISCUSSION AND

conclusionsSAM days are linked with use in private settings and social situations. Despite experiencing more harms on SAM days, SAM use is not more likely than alcohol use alone to occur in certain environments and situations traditionally found to be linked with increased risk. Findings may provide key insight for developing context-informed interventions focused on SAM use.

Indexed as

Marijuana SmokingMarijuana UseSubstance-Related DisordersAlcohol DrinkingEthanolFemaleHumansMaleYoung AdultEthanoldaily diaryenvironmental contextsimultaneous alcohol and marijuana usesocial contextyoung adult

Identifiers

PMID33188538
PMCPMC8543342
OpenAlexW3104764439

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.