ArticleScientific reports2020
TOXiTAXi: a web resource for toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis protein compositions towards species of various taxonomic groups.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating cross-resistance and synergy between Vip3Aa and Cry proteins from Bt in six strains of Helicoverpa zea derived via FCrop health · 2026Article
- Insect Pest Control from Chemical to Biotechnological Approach: Constrains and Challenges.Insects · 2025Review
- Plant-AssociatedPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- An Alkaline Foregut Protects Herbivores from Latex in Forage, but Increases Their Susceptibility to Bt Endotoxin.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Taxonomically Restricted Genes in Bacillus may Form Clusters of Homologs and Can be Traced to a Large Reservoir of Noncoding Sequences.Genome biology and evolution · 2023Article
- BPPRC database: a web-based tool to access and analyse bacterial pesticidal proteins.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bioinsecticides consisting of different sets of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry, Cyt and Vip toxins are broadly used in pest control. Possible interactions (synergistic, additive or antagonistic) between these proteins can not only influence the overall efficacy of certain Bt-based bioinsecticide, but also raise questions regarding environmental safety. Here, we assemble, summarize and analyze the outcomes of experiments published over 30 years, investigating combinatorial effects among Bt Cry, Cyt and Vip toxins. We collected the results on 118 various two-to-five-component combinations that have been bioassayed against 38 invertebrate species. Synergism, additive effect and antagonism was indicated in 54%, 32% and 14% of experiments, respectively. Synergism was noted most frequently for Cry/Cyt combinations, followed by Cyt/Vip and Cry/Cry. In Cry/Vip combinations, antagonism is more frequent and higher in magnitude compared to other categories. Despite a significant number of tested Bt toxin combinations, most of them have been bioassayed only against one pest species. To aid the research on Bt pesticidal protein activity, we present TOXiTAXi ( http://www.combio.pl/toxitaxi/ ), a universal database and a dedicated web tool to conveniently gather and analyze the existing and future bioassay results on biocidal activity of toxins against various taxonomic groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.