ArticleBMC pediatrics2020
Bullying victimization among Lebanese adolescents: The role of child abuse, Internet addiction, social phobia and depression and validation of the Illinois Bully Scale.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) measurement tools among children and adolescents in the Arab world: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Associations Between Different Subtypes of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Reproductive Mood Disorders-a Scoping Review.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Article
- Unraveling the direct and indirect effects of interpersonal mindfulness on school-age bullying perpetration and victimization: The mediating role of emotional intelligence.Pediatric investigation · 2026Article
- Does Character Strength Have an Influence on Children's Susceptibility to Technological Addiction? A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of measurement properties of the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) among gout patients in China.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2025Article
- Bullying victimization and mental health problems of boarding adolescents in rural China: the role of self-esteem and parenting styles.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Unpacking socio-demographic predictors of child aggression: insights from a Saudi Arabian context from parents' and caregivers' perspectives.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- School Bullying Victimization and Depression Symptoms in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Internet Addiction and Moderating Role of Living Areas.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2024Article
- Mediating effect of suicidal ideation in the association between child abuse and premenstrual syndrome among female adults.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Severity of inattention symptoms, experiences of being bullied, and school anxiety as mediators in the association between excessive short-form video viewing and school refusal behaviors in adolescents.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Adolescent Patients'experiences of Mental Disorders Related to School Bullying.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Article
- Association between Bullying Victimization and Aggression in Lebanese Adolescents: The Indirect Effect of Repetitive Negative Thinking-A Path Analysis Approach and Scales Validation.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Does Problematic Use of Social Network Mediate the Association between Bullying Victimization and Loneliness among Lebanese Adolescents?Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Profile of Bullying Perpetrators and Victims and Associated Factors among High School Learners in Tshwane District, South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Development and validation of a shortened version of the Child Abuse Self Report Scale (CASRS-12) in the Arabic language.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2022Article
- Bullying victimization and its associated factors among adolescents in Illu Abba Bor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2022Article
- Parental divorce and smoking dependence in Lebanese adolescents: the mediating effect of mental health problems.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Attachment styles and their association with aggression, hostility, and anger in Lebanese adolescents: a national study.BMC psychology · 2022Article
- Parental divorce and nicotine addiction in Lebanese adolescents: the mediating role of child abuse and bullying victimization.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2022Article
- Social Bullying Among Undergraduates: The Roles of Internet Gaming Disorder, Risk-Taking Behavior, and Internet Addiction.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBoth bullying victimization and perpetration were associated with depression, social phobia, physical and psychological child abuse and Internet addiction in Lebanon. The prevalence of bullying in Lebanon is alarming, with 50% of school-aged children and adolescents reporting being bullied at some point. The high rate of both bullying victimization can be reflective of the inefficacy of current prevention and intervention policies in targeting associated problematic individual and contextual factors. The objective of the present study was to analyze factors associated with bullying victimization and validate the Illinois Bully Scale among Lebanese adolescents.
methodsThis is cross-sectional study that took place between January and May 2019. We enrolled 1810 adolescents between 14 and 17 years of age. The Illinois Bully scale was used to measure bullying victimization. In order to ensure the adequacy of the sample with values greater than 0.8 - an indicator that component or factor analysis was useful for these variables - we used Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measurement. Statistical significance considered if the p-value < 0.05.
resultsThe results showed that 841 (46.5%, CI: 44.1% - 48.7%) participants were classified as having been previously bullied. None of the bullying scale items was removed. Items on the bullying scale converged on a two-factor solution with Eigenvalues greater than 1, accounting for a total of 73.63% of the variance (Factor 1: bullying victimization; Factor 2: bullying perpetration; KMO = 0.899, Bartlett's sphericity test p < 0.001; αCronbach = 0.955). Having a separate parents (ORa = 3.08), Mild (ORa-4.71) to moderate (ORa = 3.84) internet addiction test, higher social fear (ORa = 1.50), higher psychological abuse (ORa = 3.59), higher child neglect (ORa = 2.21) and physical (ORa = 4.55) abuse were significantly associated with higher odds of being bullied. However, higher social avoidance (ORa = 0.49), poor (ORa = 0.20), fair (ORa = 0.94) and very good (ORa = 0.04) physical activity as compared to sedentary were significantly associated with lower odds of being bullied.
conclusionsOur findings attest that bullying victimization is likely to be associated with certain factors such as child abuse of all forms, Internet addiction, social fear and avoidance. In addition, the Illinois Bully Scale was validated in Lebanon. More attention should be paid to students vulnerable to bullying victimization, such as those with environmental or domestic problems, and adolescents with psychological disorders such as behavioral addictions.
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