ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2021
Lymphocyte subsets early predict mortality in a large series of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Spain.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Pooled it
- T-Cell Subsets and Interleukin-10 Levels Are Predictors of Severity and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Low CD3+ and CD4+ T cell levels predict need for ventilatory support and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- A pain from the nose to the head: neurological commitment during long COVID.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Dynamic Changes in Lymphocyte Populations and Their Relationship with Disease Severity and Outcome in COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Lack of Specific Immune Response after Five Doses of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in a Patient with CD4Vaccines · 2024Article
- Immunophenotyping characteristics and clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine during the Omicron surge.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Peripheral Blood CD8+T Cell as a Prognostic Biomarker for Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients Without Antiviral Treatment.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Proteomic profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals immune dysregulation and metabolic alterations in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Predictors of bacteremia and death, including immune status, in a large single-center cohort of unvaccinated ICU patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- CD4Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2023Article
- Inflammation as Prognostic Hallmark of Clinical Outcome in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- COVID-19 in pulmonary critically ill patients: metagenomic identification of fungi and characterization of pathogenic microorganisms.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Immunophenotyping characteristics of COVID-19 patients: Peripheral blood CD8+ HLA-DR+ T cells as a biomarker for mortality outcome.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Article
- Immunophenotyping characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 patients: peripheral blood CD8+T cell as a prognostic biomarker for patients with Nirmatrelvir.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Evaluation of individual and combined NLR, LMR and CLR ratio for prognosis disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19.International immunopharmacology · 2022Article
- Pathological effects of SARS-CoV-2 on hematological and immunological cells: Alterations in count, morphology, and function.Pathology, research and practice · 2022Review
- Prognostic impact of toll-like receptors gene polymorphism on outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia: A case-control study.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2022Article
- Correlation of the Imbalance in the Circulating Lymphocyte Subsets With C-Reactive Protein and Cardio-Metabolic Conditions in Patients With COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of lymphocytes and their main subsets as prognostic factors of death in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients remains unclear, with no information obtained from patients outside China. We aimed to assess whether measuring lymphocyte subpopulations added clinical value to the total lymphocyte counting regarding mortality when they were simultaneously tested at hospital admission. Peripheral blood was analysed in 701 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed consecutive patients by lysed-no washed flow cytometry. Demographic and clinical features were registered in electronic medical records. Statistical analysis was performed after a 3-month follow-up. The 112 patients who died were older and had significantly higher frequencies of known co-morbidities than survivor COVID-19 patients. A significant reduction in total lymphocytes, CD3
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