Trial reportOptometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry2020
Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-mechanism in Adult Population Study Randomized Clinical Trial: Clinical Outcome Results.
Trial report in Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05877560 (A Randomized Controlled Study Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation to Facilitate the Effectiveness of Vergence/Accommodative Therapy in Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Controlled Study Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation to Facilitate the Effectiveness of Vergence/Accommodative Therapy in Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies and age-related changes in binocular vision among middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- CONCUSS randomised clinical trial of vergence/accommodative therapy for concussion-related symptomatic convergence insufficiency.British journal of sports medicine · 2026Trial
- From convergence insufficiency to functional reorganization: A longitudinal randomized controlled trial of treatment-induced connectivity plasticity.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Trial
- Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-Mechanism Adult Population Study: Phoria Adaptation Results.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Trial
- Binocular Vision Anomalies: An Update on Prevalence, Impact, Technological and Treatment Developments and Current Challenges.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the Impact of a Novel Visual Training Video Game on Oculomotor Function and Visual Symptoms in Subjects with Parkinson's Disease and Convergence Insufficiency: A Pilot Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Convergence-Related Visual Symptoms Across Occupations with Varying Near Visual Demands: A Cross-Sectional Study with Implications for Healthcare Policy.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- A Review of Digital Eye Strain: Binocular Vision Anomalies, Ocular Surface Changes, and the Need for Objective Assessment.Journal of eye movement research · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of interventions for convergence insufficiency: an observational study evaluating clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life using AS20.Eye (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Functional activity changes after vergence and accommodative rehabilitation of concussion-related convergence insufficiency: CONCUSS clinical trial fMRI results.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Efferent compared to afferent neural substrates of the vergence eye movement system evoked via fMRI.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Article
- Altered Large-Scale Resting-State Functional Network Connectivity in Convergence Insufficiency Young Adults Compared With Binocularly Normal Controls.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Vergence/accommodative therapy for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children: Time course of improvements in convergence function.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2023Article
- Multifunctional flexible contact lens for eye health monitoring using inorganic magnetic oxide nanosheets.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- Neuro-Visual and Vestibular Manifestations of Concussion and Mild TBI.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2022Review
- Disparity vergence differences between typically occurring and concussion-related convergence insufficiency pediatric patients.Vision research · 2021Article
- Underlying neurological mechanisms associated with symptomatic convergence insufficiency.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Do standard optometric measures predict binocular coordination during reading?Journal of eye movement research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
significanceThese data confirm the effectiveness of office-based vergence/accommodative therapy for improving the near point of convergence and positive fusional vergence in young adults with symptomatic convergence insufficiency within a double-masked longitudinal randomized clinical trial. PURPOSE: This study aimed to report changes in clinical signs and symptoms of convergence insufficiency from a randomized clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of office-based vergence/accommodative therapy for young adults with symptomatic convergence insufficiency.
methodsIn this double-masked, randomized clinical trial, convergence insufficiency patients (n = 50; average age, 21 ± 3 years; range, 18 to 32 years) were randomized to either office-based vergence/accommodative therapy or office-based placebo therapy. Improvements in (1) near point of convergence, (2) positive fusional vergence, and (3) self-reported symptoms (Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey [CISS] score) were evaluated after twelve 1-hour sessions of treatment within the office comparing the results from the vergence/accommodative therapy and the placebo therapy groups.
resultsThe mean near point of convergence improved by 6.0 and 3.1 cm in the vergence/accommodative and placebo therapy groups, respectively (mean difference of -2.9 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.6 to -1.0 cm; P < .01). The mean positive fusional vergence increased by 17.3 and 7.4Δ in the vergence/accommodative and placebo therapy groups, respectively (mean difference of 9.9Δ; 95% CI, 4.9 to 16.0Δ; P < .001). The mean CISS score improved by 12.4 and 10.1 points in the vergence/accommodative and placebo therapy groups, respectively (mean difference of 2.3 points; 95% CI, -8.3 to +4.6 points; P = .56).
conclusionsOur results demonstrate that office-based vergence/accommodative therapy is effective for improving the near point of convergence and positive fusional vergence in young adults with symptomatic convergence insufficiency. However, given that both treatment groups had a similar reduction in self-reported symptoms, we recommend that the CISS be revised if it is to be used as an outcome measure in future studies of convergence insufficiency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.