Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33185327›Full record

SynthesisAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2021

Cognitive impairment in sporadic cerebral small vessel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Olivia K L Hamilton, Ellen V Backhouse, Esther Janssen, Angela C C Jochems, Caragh Maher, Tuula E Ritakari, Anna J Stevenson, Lihua Xia, Ian J Deary, Joanna M Wardlaw

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

109 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Optimal markers of treatment response to vasodilatory drugs in small vessel disease: An OxHARP trial analysis.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026
    Trial
  6. Article
  7. Silent brain infarction is associated with executive dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults: the Sefuri-Yoshinogari study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Observational
  12. Exploring synaptic density patterns in cerebral small vessel disease: insights from [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Biological classification of memory clinic patients.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Olivia K L HamiltonCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5874-0058
Ellen V BackhouseCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5083-9945
Esther JanssenCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Angela C C JochemsCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7392-3066
Caragh MaherCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2655-5499
Tuula E RitakariCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2409-2929
Anna J StevensonDementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0435-3562
Lihua XiaDepartment of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Ian J DearyLothian Birth Cohorts, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1733-263X
Joanna M WardlawCentre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9812-6642
UK Dementia Research Institute · GBNHS Lothian · GBEdinburgh Cancer Research · GBUniversity of Edinburgh · GB

Funding

Evaluating Longitudinal Changes in the Human Structural Connectome in Relation to Cognitive AgingR01AG054628 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI TUCKER-DROB, ELLIOT MAX · 2017 to 2021
$2.7M
Medical Research Council G0700704Medical Research Council G0701120Medical Research Council G1001245Medical Research Council MR/K026992/1Medical Research Council MR/L023784/2Medical Research Council MR/R024065/1NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054628Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper is a proposal for an update on the characterization of cognitive impairments associated with sporadic cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). We pose a series of questions about the nature of SVD-related cognitive impairments and provide answers based on a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of published data from 69 studies. Although SVD is thought primarily to affect executive function and processing speed, we hypothesize that SVD affects all major domains of cognitive ability. We also identify low levels of education as a potentially modifiable risk factor for SVD-related cognitive impairment. Therefore, we propose the use of comprehensive cognitive assessments and the measurement of educational level both in clinics and research settings, and suggest several recommendations for future research.

Indexed as

CognitionEducational StatusNeuropsychological TestsAgingCerebral Small Vessel DiseasesCognitive DysfunctionExecutive FunctionHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingStrokecerebral small vessel diseasecognitive abilitylacunar strokemeta-analysissystematic reviewvascular cognitive impairmentvascular dementia

Identifiers

PMID33185327
PMCPMC8593445
OpenAlexW3101125165

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.