Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33184582›Full record

ArticleCellular and molecular bioengineering2020

Lactate Exposure Promotes Immunosuppressive Phenotypes in Innate Immune Cells.

Rapeepat Sangsuwan, Bhasirie Thuamsang, Noah Pacifici, Riley Allen, Hyunsoo Han, Svetlana Miakicheva, Jamal S Lewis

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cellular and molecular bioengineering, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Targeting MYC-Driven Cancers: From Oncogenic Addiction to Therapeutic Vulnerability.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026
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  17. Alveolar and Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Differ in Metabolism and Glutamine Utilization.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rapeepat SangsuwanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Bhasirie ThuamsangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Noah PacificiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Riley AllenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Hyunsoo HanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Svetlana MiakichevaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Jamal S LewisDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9811-8538
University of California, Davis · US

Funding

Leveraging Engineering Approaches to understand Cryptococcal Vomocytosis from Immune CellsR35GM125012 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI Jamal S Lewis · 2017 to 2026
$3.2M
Particulate-based in vivo modulation for immunotherapy of Rheumatoid ArthritisR01AI139399 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI LEWIS, JAMAL S · 2019 to 2023
$1.9M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI139399NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM125012
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLactate secreted by tumors is not just a byproduct, but rather an active modulator of immune cells. There are few studies aimed at investigating the true effect of lactate, which is normally confounded by pH. Such a knowledge gap needs to be addressed. Herein, we studied the immunomodulatory effects of lactate on dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MΦs).

methodsBone marrow-derived innate immune cells were treated with 50 mM sodium lactate (sLA) and incubated for 2 days or 5 days at 37 °C. Controls included media, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), MCT inhibitors (α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid and AR-C15585). Flow cytometric analysis of immune phenotypes were performed by incubating cells with specific marker antibodies and viability dye. Differential expression analyses were conducted on R using limma-voom and adjusted p-values were generated using the Bejamini-Hochberg Procedure.

resultsLactate exposure attenuated DC maturation through the downregulation of CD80 and MHCII expression under LPS stimulation. For MΦs, lactate exposure resulted in M2 polarization as evidenced by the reduction of M1 markers (CD38 and iNOS), and the increase in expression of CD163 and Arg1. We also revealed the role of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in mediating lactate effect in MΦs. MCT4 inhibition significantly boosted lactate M2 polarization, while blocking of MCT1/2 failed to reverse the immunosuppressive effect of lactate, correlating with the result of gene expression that lactate increased MCT4 expression, but downregulated the expression of MCT1/2.

conclusionsThis research provides valuable insight on the influence of metabolic products on tumor immunity and will help to identify novel metabolic targets for augmenting cancer immunotherapies.

Indexed as

CancerDendritic cellsImmune escapeImmunosuppressiveLactateMacrophages

Identifiers

PMID33184582
PMCPMC7596145
OpenAlexW3088479058

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.