Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33184280›Full record

ArticleScientific data2020

Multiscale dynamic human mobility flow dataset in the U.S. during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Yuhao Kang, Song Gao, Yunlei Liang, Mingxiao Li, Jinmeng Rao, Jake Kruse

Abstract readDataset
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  7. Article
  8. Reinforcement Learning-Based Control of Epidemics on Networks of Communities and Correctional Facilities.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2026
    Article
  9. Network-Based Epidemic Control Through Optimal Travel and Quarantine Management.IEEE transactions on control of network systems · 2025
    Article
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  11. Article
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  14. Article
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  17. A research agenda for GIScience in a time of disruptions.International journal of geographical information science : IJGIS · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yuhao KangGeoDS Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States.
Song GaoGeoDS Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States. song.gao@wisc.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-4359-6302
Yunlei LiangGeoDS Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States.
Mingxiao LiGeoDS Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0779-4432
Jinmeng RaoGeoDS Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States.
Jake KruseGeoDS Lab, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States.

Funding

National Science Foundation (NSF) 2027375
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding dynamic human mobility changes and spatial interaction patterns at different geographic scales is crucial for assessing the impacts of non-pharmaceutical interventions (such as stay-at-home orders) during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this data descriptor, we introduce a regularly-updated multiscale dynamic human mobility flow dataset across the United States, with data starting from March 1st, 2020. By analysing millions of anonymous mobile phone users' visits to various places provided by SafeGraph, the daily and weekly dynamic origin-to-destination (O-D) population flows are computed, aggregated, and inferred at three geographic scales: census tract, county, and state. There is high correlation between our mobility flow dataset and openly available data sources, which shows the reliability of the produced data. Such a high spatiotemporal resolution human mobility flow dataset at different geographic scales over time may help monitor epidemic spreading dynamics, inform public health policy, and deepen our understanding of human behaviour changes under the unprecedented public health crisis. This up-to-date O-D flow open data can support many other social sensing and transportation applications.

Indexed as

TransportationBetacoronavirusCell Phone UseCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19HumansPandemicsPneumonia, ViralSARS-CoV-2Spatio-Temporal AnalysisUnited States

Identifiers

PMID33184280
PMCPMC7661515

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.