ArticlePharmaceutics2020
A pH-Adjustable Tissue Clearing Solution That Preserves Lipid Ultrastructures: Suitable Tissue Clearing Method for DDS Evaluation.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current progress of labeling strategies in tissue clearing for large-scale biological visualization.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Imaging Heterogeneous Patterns of Aminopeptidase N Activity in Hierarchical Tissue Structures Through High-Resolution Whole-Organ 3D Mapping.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Development of an apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide-lipid conjugate for efficient brain delivery of liposomes.Drug delivery · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Lipid-Based Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Understanding In Vivo Fate of Nucleic Acid and Gene Medicines for the Rational Design of Drugs.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Suppression of Peritoneal Fibrosis by Sonoporation of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene-Encoding Plasmid DNA in Mice.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Visualizing biological events and states to resolve biological questions is challenging. Tissue clearing permits three-dimensional multicolor imaging. Here, we describe a pH-adjustable tissue clearing solution, Seebest (SEE Biological Events and States in Tissues), which preserves lipid ultrastructures at an electron microscopy level. Adoption of polyethylenimine was required for a wide pH range adjustment of the tissue clearing solution. The combination of polyethylenimine and urea had a good tissue clearing ability for multiple tissues within several hours. Blood vessels stained with lipophilic carbocyanine dyes were deeply visible using the solution. Adjusting the pH of the solution was important to maximize the fluorescent intensity and suppress dye leakage during tissue clearing. The spatial distribution of doxorubicin and oxidative stress were observable using the solution. Moreover, spatial distribution of liposomes in the liver was visualized. Hence, the Seebest solution provides pH-adjustable, rapid, sufficient tissue clearing, while preserving lipid ultrastructures, which is suitable for drug delivery system evaluations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.