ArticleJournal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN2021
Skin-to-Skin Care is Associated with Reduced Stress, Anxiety, and Salivary Cortisol and Improved Attachment for Mothers of Infants With Critical Congenital Heart Disease.
Article in Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breastfeeding infants with CHD: an evidence summary and recommendations from the Cardiac Newborn Neuroprotective Network, a special interest group of the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative.Cardiology in the young · 2025Guideline
- Systematic Review of Instruments Assessing Psychosocial Adaptation and Outcomes Among Families of Children With Congenital Heart Disease.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2023Pooled it
- Neurodevelopmental care across pediatric critical care settings: toward brain-focused critical care.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Review
- Skin-to-skin contact significantly impacts maternal anxiety, mother-infant bonding, and autonomic function in infants with congenital heart disease and their mothers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Implementation mapping to develop strategies for skin-to-skin care in the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit: planning for a hybrid trial.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Indicators of physical and emotional health in infants during hospitalization in paediatric cardiac intensive care units.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Interventions to support postpartum health and well-being of parents with infants in neonatal intensive care units: a scoping review.Frontiers in health services · 2026Review
- Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Among Parents of Hospitalized Children in 14 Countries.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Implementation and Strategy in Developmental Care Practice in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease in Intensive Care Unit: Scoping Review.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Review
- Developmental care pathway for hospitalised infants with CHD: on behalf of the Cardiac Newborn Neuroprotective Network, a Special Interest Group of the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative.Cardiology in the young · 2023Article
- Mental health-related quality of life in mothers of children with surgically repaired congenital heart disease: a 13-year longitudinal study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Feasibility of wearable sensors in the NICU: Psychophysiological measures of parental stress.Early human development · 2023Article
- Safety and Feasibility of Skin-to-Skin Contact in the Delivery Room for High-Risk Cardiac Neonates.Pediatric cardiology · 2023Article
- Developmental Care for Hospitalized Infants With Complex Congenital Heart Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- The Associations of Psychologic and Physiologic Manifestations of Parental Stress in Critical Congenital Heart Disease.Biological research for nursing · 2022Article
- Assessment and Correction of Stress in Preterm Infants and Their Mothers.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Infant Social Withdrawal Behavior: A Key for Adaptation in the Face of Relational Adversity.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Role alteration predicts anxiety and depressive symptoms in parents of infants with congenital heart disease: a pilot study.Cardiology in the young · 2021Article
- Parent mental health and family functioning following diagnosis of CHD: a research agenda and recommendations from the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative.Cardiology in the young · 2021Article
- Effect of Skin to Skin Contact between the Biological Mother and Their Baby Who Born Via Surrogacy on Mother Infant Attachment.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the effect of skin-to-skin care (SSC) on biobehavioral measures of stress (anxiety and salivary cortisol) and attachment (attachment scores and salivary oxytocin) of mothers before and after their infants' neonatal cardiac surgery.
designA prospective interventional, baseline response-paired pilot study.
settingCardiac center of a large, metropolitan, freestanding children's hospital.
participantsThirty women whose infants were hospitalized for neonatal cardiac surgery.
methodsParticipants acted as their own controls before, during, and after SSC at two time points: once before and once after surgery. We measured the stress response of mothers, as indicated by self-reported scores of anxiety and maternal salivary cortisol, and maternal-infant attachment, as indicated by self-reported scores and maternal salivary oxytocin.
resultsSignificant reductions in self-reported scores of anxiety and salivary cortisol were found as a result of SSC at each time point, as well as increased self-reported attachment. No significant differences were found in oxytocin.
conclusionOur findings provide initial evidence of the benefits of SSC as a nurse-led intervention to support maternal attachment and reduce physiologic and psychological stress responses in mothers of infants with critical congenital heart disease before and after neonatal cardiac surgery.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.