ArticleJournal of women's health (2002)2021
Social and Structural Determinants of Health Inequities in Maternal Health.
Article in Journal of women's health (2002), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 453 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
453 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Towards the Development of a Conceptual Framework of the Determinants of Pre-Eclampsia: A Hierarchical Systematic Review of Social Determinants.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Pooled it
- An umbrella review of maternal pre-pregnancy characteristics and prior cesarean section as risk factors for stillbirth.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular Health of Single Mothers: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- Associations Between Unconditional Cash Transfers and Postpartum Outcomes in the United States : A Systematic Review.Annals of internal medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The Equity Impact of Universal Home Visits to Pregnant Women and Their Spouses in Bauchi State, Nigeria: Secondary Analysis From a Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial.Community health equity research & policy · 2025Trial
- Socio-digital stratification and the threshold effects of digital inclusion on maternal health access in Somalia.Global health action · 2026Article
- Understanding and Addressing Severe Maternal Morbidity Among Black Women in Texas: Findings From a System Dynamics Group Model Building Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Investigating the Relationship Between Highly Collaborative Local Health Jurisdictions and County-Level Perinatal Health Outcomes.Maternal and child health journal · 2026Article
- Certified Nurse-Midwife Practice Authority as a Structural Determinant of Maternal Health.The Milbank quarterly · 2026Article
- "Shifting the Culture and the Way That We Practice": Perinatal Clinicians' Cognitive, Behavioral, and Team-Level Changes Following Equity-Focused Interventions.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Women's Satisfaction With Birth Experience According to Skin Color: A Cross-Sectional Study.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Feasibility Assessment of Extracting Social Determinants of Health From Electronic Medical Records: A Multicenter Study Across Chinese Healthcare Institutions.Health care science · 2026Article
- Breaking the cycle: a review of the impacts of maternal PTSD, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and health disparities among Black women.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2026Review
- Maternal Mental Health and Labor Dysfunction: Prenatal Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Labor Dystocia, and Unplanned Cesarean in a Cohort of Black Pregnant People.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Manifestations of Anti-Black Racism and Worry About Pregnancy and Birthing While Black: A Cross-sectional Secondary Analysis of Giving Voice to Mothers.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Willingness to receive lung cancer screening when engaged in community-based locations.JTCVS open · 2026Article
- Maternal mortality due to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: an ecological time-series study in Brazil, 2000-2024.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Persistent ethnic inequities in infant mortality in Peru, 2019-2024: a repeated cross-sectional analysis of ENDES birth histories.Population health metrics · 2026Article
- Understanding Black Women's Lived Experiences of Medical Mistrust and Trust in the Reproductive Care Setting: A Nested Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Study.Research square · 2026Article
- Experiences of Racism and Risk of Preeclampsia in the Black Women's Health Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
393 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Since the World Health Organization launched its commission on the social determinants of health (SDOH) over a decade ago, a large body of research has proven that social determinants-defined as the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age-are significant drivers of disease risk and susceptibility within clinical care and public health systems. Unfortunately, the term has lost meaning within systems of care because of misuse and lack of context. As many disparate health outcomes remain, including higher risk of maternal mortality among Black women, a deeper understanding of the SDOH-and what forces underlie their distribution-is needed. In this article, we will expand our review of social determinants of maternal health to include the terms "structural determinants of health" and "root causes of inequities" as we assess the literature on this topic. We hypothesize that the addition of structural determinants and root causes will identify racism as a cause of inequities in maternal health outcomes, as many of the social and political structures and policies in the United States were born out of racism, classism, and gender oppression. We will conclude with proposed practice and policy solutions to end inequities in maternal health outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.