Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33177849›Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2020

Antibiogram and Genetic Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens Incriminated in Healthcare-Associated Infections.

Rabab R Makharita, Iman El-Kholy, Helal F Hetta, Moahmed H Abdelaziz, Fatma I Hagagy, Amera A Ahmed, Abdelazeem M Algammal

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
81citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Effect of Antibiotic Exposure on Upper Respiratory Tract Bacterial Flora.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2022
    Trial
  4. Insights ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Prevalence and Resistance Profiles ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. First record of methicillin-resistantNew microbes and new infections · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. HypervirulentPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  11. Rapid Identification of Carbapenem-ResistantInfection and drug resistance · 2025
    Article
  12. Characterization of carbapenem-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Phylogenetic analysis ofOpen veterinary journal · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Rabab R MakharitaBiology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, University of Jeddah, Khulais, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6430-7541
Iman El-KholyAin Shams Specialized Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11556, Egypt.
Helal F HettaDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit 71515, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0001-8541-7304
Moahmed H AbdelazizBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Fatma I HagagyBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Amera A AhmedBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Abdelazeem M AlgammalDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0001-5580-1559
Suez Canal University · EGAin Shams University Hospital · EGAssiut University · EG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCarbapenems are considered the most efficient antibiotic used in the treatment of nosocomial infections. Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods are becoming a serious hazard in hospitals threatening public health. The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens incriminated in healthcare-associated infections, along with antimicrobial resistance profiles, carbapenemase and metallo-β-lactamase production, and their molecular characterization.

methodsA total of 186 clinical specimens were collected from 133 patients at various hospitals in Cairo, Egypt. The obtained specimens were subjected to bacteriological examination, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of carbapenemase production using the modified Hodge test (MHT), the metallo-β-lactamase production using the EDTA combined disc test (CDT), and PCR-based detection of the

resultsThe most common isolated Gram-negative species was

conclusionThis study displayed the emergence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens incriminated in healthcare-associated infections. The accurate identification of carbapenem-resistant bacterial pathogens is pivotal for the treatment of patients, in addition to propelling appropriate contamination control measures to restrain the fast spread of such pathogens. Colistin showed a potent in vitro antimicrobial activity against the carbapenem-resistant strains.

Indexed as

16S rRNA geneantibiotic resistanceblaGESblaKPCcarbapenem-resistancegram-negative rods

Identifiers

PMID33177849
PMCPMC7649219
OpenAlexW3094765036

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.