ArticleNature communications2020
Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in three children of parents with symptomatic COVID-19.
Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sero-epidemiological studies of pathogen burden: A scoping review.Wellcome open research · 2026Pooled it
- Children and Adults With Mild COVID-19: Dynamics of the Memory T Cell Response up to 10 Months.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- A systems approach to elucidate personalized mechanistic complexities of antibody-Fc receptor activation post-vaccination.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Trial
- Multimodal single-cell omics analysis identifies epithelium-immune cell interactions and immune vulnerability associated with sex differences in COVID-19.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Trial
- The ageing immune system and its battle with viruses.The Journal of general virology · 2026Review
- Systems serology identifies FcR-related autoantibody signatures and functions for Sjögren's syndrome.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative evaluation and selection of optimal QSAR-based machine learning model for liver toxicity prediction.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Reduced SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates in Lab Workers Conducting Nucleic Acid Testing: Controlling for the Healthy Worker Effect.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Kinetics and Durability of Antibody and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Children.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- T cell hybrid immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in children: a longitudinal study.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- CD8Nature communications · 2024Article
- Comparisons of Pediatric and Adult SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies up to 6 Months after Infection, Vaccination, or Hybrid Immunity.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2024Article
- Distinct T cell polyfunctional profile in SARS-CoV-2 seronegative children associated with endemic human coronavirus cross-reactivity.iScience · 2024Article
- COVID-19 on Oral Health: A New Bilateral Connection for the Pandemic.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Related Antibody-Dependent Enhancement Phenomena In Vitro and In Vivo.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and implications for vaccination.Pediatric research · 2023Review
- Molecular breast cancer subtype identification using photoacoustic spectral analysis and machine learning at the biomacromolecular level.Photoacoustics · 2023Article
- Can T Cells Abort SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viral Infections?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Polyfunctional antibodies: a path towards precision vaccines for vulnerable populations.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
30 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Compared to adults, children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have predominantly mild or asymptomatic infections, but the underlying immunological differences remain unclear. Here, we describe clinical features, virology, longitudinal cellular, and cytokine immune profile, SARS-CoV-2-specific serology and salivary antibody responses in a family of two parents with PCR-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and their three children, who tested repeatedly SARS-CoV-2 PCR negative. Cellular immune profiles and cytokine responses of all children are similar to their parents at all timepoints. All family members have salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detected, predominantly IgA, that coincide with symptom resolution in 3 of 4 symptomatic members. Plasma from both parents and one child have IgG antibody against the S1 protein and virus-neutralizing activity detected. Using a systems serology approach, we demonstrate higher levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody features of these family members compared to healthy controls. These data indicate that children can mount an immune response to SARS-CoV-2 without virological confirmation of infection, raising the possibility that immunity in children can prevent the establishment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Relying on routine virological and serological testing may not identify exposed children, with implications for epidemiological and clinical studies across the life-span.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.