ArticleJournal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA2021
Group-based trajectory analysis of postoperative pain and outcomes after liver cancer surgery.
Article in Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trajectory Modelling of Prognostic Biomarkers Linked to Liver Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review.Liver cancer · 2026Article
- Risk factors for chronic postsurgical pain following minimally invasive thoracic surgery.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Construction of Pain Management Strategies After Hepatectomy: Evidence Summary and Delphi Study.Journal of pain research · 2024Article
- Dose-response relationship between epidural bupivacaine dose and mortality risk after surgical resection of nonsmall-cell lung cancer.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- Group-based trajectory analysis of postoperative pain in epidural analgesia for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and risk factors of rebound pain.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- Group-based trajectory analysis of acute pain after spine surgery and risk factors for rebound pain.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAlthough previous studies have shown connections between pain and worse cancer outcomes, few clinical studies have evaluated their direct association, and the current study aimed to investigate the potential association between acute pain trajectories and postoperative outcomes after liver cancer surgery.
methodsThis retrospective study was conducted in a single medical center and included patients who received liver cancer surgery between January 2010 and December 2016. Maximal pain intensity was recorded daily using a numerical rating scale during the first postoperative week. Group-based trajectory analysis was performed to classify the variations in pain scores over time. Cox and linear regression analyses were used to assess the effect of pain trajectories on recurrence-free survival, overall survival, and length of hospital stay (LOS) after surgery and to explore predictors of these outcomes.
resultsA total of 804 patients with 5396 pain score observations were analyzed within the present study. Group-based trajectory analysis categorized the changes in postoperative pain into three groups: group 1 had constantly mild pain (76.6%), group 2 had moderate/severe pain dropping to mild (10.1%), and group 3 had mild pain rebounding to moderate (13.3%). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that on average, group 3 had a 7% increase in LOS compared with the group 1 (p = 0.02) and no significant difference in the LOS was noted between pain trajectory groups 2 and 1 (p = 0.93). Pain trajectories were not associated with recurrence-free survival or overall survival after liver cancer surgery.
conclusionAcute pain trajectories were associated with LOS but not cancer recurrence and survival after liver cancer surgery. Group-based trajectory analysis provided a promising approach for investigating the complex relationships between variations in postoperative pain over time and clinical outcomes.
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