Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33177238›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020

Dual self-regulated delivery of insulin and glucagon by a hybrid patch.

Zejun Wang, Jinqiang Wang, Hongjun Li, Jicheng Yu, Guojun Chen, Anna R Kahkoska, Valerie Wu, Yi Zeng, Di Wen, Jayson R Miedema and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
12.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 111 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. [Advances in injectable and transdermal glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026
    Review
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  13. Inducing In Situ MBiomaterials research · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Zejun WangDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.ORCID 0000-0003-0313-5819
Jinqiang WangDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Hongjun LiDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Jicheng YuZenomics Inc., Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Guojun ChenDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Anna R KahkoskaDepartment of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Valerie WuDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.ORCID 0000-0003-3139-843X
Yi ZengDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Di WenDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Jayson R MiedemaDepartment of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516.ORCID 0000-0002-9204-1429
John B BuseDepartment of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.ORCID 0000-0002-9723-3876
Zhen GuDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; guzhen@zju.edu.cn.
California NanoSystems Institute · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USSynthetic Genomics (United States) · US

Funding

Re-Entry Supplement: Investigation of Oral Microbial Enzymes for the Detection and Treatment of Periodontal DiseaseUL1TR002489 · NCATS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BUSE, JOHN BERNARD, SHAHEEN, NICHOLAS J · 2018 to 2022
$48.6M
Pilot & Feasibility ProgramP30DK124723 · NIDDK · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI P Darrell Neufer · 2020 to 2026
$11.0M
Towards Glucose Transporter-Mediated Glucose-Responsive Insulin Delivery with Fast ResponseR01DK112939 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LI, SONG · 2018 to 2022
$2.2M
Characterizing Impulsivity as a Determinant of Weight and Glycemic Control in Youth with Type 1 DiabetesF30DK113728 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAHKOSKA, ANNA RACHEL · 2017 to 2020
$171k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002489NIDDK NIH HHS F30 DK113728NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK124723NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK112939
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reduced β-cell function and insulin deficiency are hallmarks of diabetes mellitus, which is often accompanied by the malfunction of glucagon-secreting α-cells. While insulin therapy has been developed to treat insulin deficiency, the on-demand supplementation of glucagon for acute hypoglycemia treatment remains inadequate. Here, we describe a transdermal patch that mimics the inherent counterregulatory effects of β-cells and α-cells for blood glucose management by dynamically releasing insulin or glucagon. The two modules share a copolymerized matrix but comprise different ratios of the key monomers to be "dually responsive" to both hyper- and hypoglycemic conditions. In a type 1 diabetic mouse model, the hybrid patch effectively controls hyperglycemia while minimizing the occurrence of hypoglycemia in the setting of insulin therapy with simulated delayed meal or insulin overdose.

Indexed as

AnimalsBlood GlucoseDelayed-Action PreparationsDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Drug CombinationsDrug CompoundingDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationDrug OverdoseGlucagonHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinMaleMiceBlood GlucoseDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CombinationsGlucagonHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinStreptozocinglucagon deliveryglucose-responsivehypoglycemiainsulin deliverymicroneedle patch

Identifiers

PMID33177238
PMCPMC7703584
OpenAlexW3104657013

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.