ArticleBMC public health2020
The role of knowledge, risk perceptions, and cues to action among Iranian women concerning cervical cancer and screening: a qualitative exploration.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Breaking barriers: unraveling the impact of cultural beliefs and misconceptions on HPV vaccination uptake-the narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Perceived risk of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer: a qualitative study among Ethiopian women.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Cervical Cancer Screening: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Ethnically Diverse Women in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Exploring women's knowledge and their perception of risk of uterine cancer in Lagos, Nigeria: a multi-facility based cross-sectional study.Ecancermedicalscience · 2025Article
- Identifying behaviors and factors influencing the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in young adults.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2025Article
- Designing a core data set for benign hysterectomy registration system and its implementation in a referral teaching hospital in Northwest Iran.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Women's and health professionals' perceptions, beliefs and barriers to cervical cancer screening uptake in Southern Ethiopia: a qualitative study.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2023Article
- Cervical Cancer Prevention, Its Challenges and Solutions in Iran and Worldwide: A Systematic Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2023Review
- Development and validation of primary health care quality assessment tool.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Evaluation of barriers to cervical cancer screening in Georgia.Central European journal of public health · 2023Article
- Policy analysis of cervical cancer prevention in Iran based on the policy triangle model.Journal of education and health promotion · 2023Article
- Awareness of human papillomavirus and acceptability of the vaccine among women in Palestine: is it time for policy adjustment?BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors among Palestinian women: a national cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2021Article
- Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIran has a low incidence but higher rate of death from cervical cancer (CC). The country is in the process of implementing an organized screening program including HPV testing and cytology. Studies show high dropout in continued testing among eligible women. This qualitative study aimed to explore women's awareness regarding CC and CC testing and the role of knowledge, perceived risk, and cues to action in this process.
methodThrough a qualitative study based on the Framework Method, we recruited 81 women aged 25-65 who participated in 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) and two in-depth interviews in Tehran. The interviewees were selected purposefully during January to May 2015 from households belonging to different socioeconomic classes until data saturation. The data were acquired through 11 open-ended questions and 32 related probe questions. All interviews were transcribed and independently analyzed by two researchers (Kappa and agreement testing respectively: 0.77, 97.11%).
resultsThe coded texts were categorized under three themes and 13 subthemes. The three thematic areas referred to knowledge, cues to action, and perceived risks regarding CC and screening. The results showed that women had limited and unspecified knowledge about CC and screening, compounded by misconceptions regarding infection and cancer prevention measures. Social and cultural barriers hindered proper communication between health system/providers and clients and within communities on subjects related to CC and screening. The perceived risk of getting CC was low because of overestimating the role of hereditary factors for CC, difficulty in differentiating between cancer and sexually transmitted infections (STI), and the absence of visible symptoms.
conclusionThe results indicate a strong need to invest more efforts to improve health education and communication in the current national health program to promote awareness of the need to screen for CC through, for example, establishing correct knowledge and risk perceptions among women. In addition, this intervention should address women's social environment in order to prevent misconceptions being communicated to women.
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