ReviewCirculation. Heart failure2020
Management of Acute Myocarditis and Chronic Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy: An Expert Consensus Document.
Review in Circulation. Heart failure, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 7 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 426 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of High Dose Pulse Intravenous Corticosteroid Therapy to Treat Patients With Complicated/Fulminant Acute Myocarditis
Prognostic Role of Troponin Dosed at 3 to 6 Months in the Evolution of Acute Myocarditis
The Efficacy and Mechanism of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients with Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy After Myocarditis
Single-blind, Investigator-initiated, Randomized, Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Corticosteroid Therapy to Treat Patients With Acute Myocarditis With Mildly Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Single-blinded Randomized Investigator-initiated Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Colchicine to Treat Patients With Cardiomyopathy With Myocarditis (Chronic Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy)
Efficacy of a Myocardial Panel (Virological, Bacterial and Autoimmune) in the Management and Treatment of Pediatric Myocarditis Complicated With Arrhythmias or Ventricular Dysfunction
Outcome of Different Clinical Phenotypes of Myocarditis in Children Admitted to Assiut University Children Hospital
Who cites it
426 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 746 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and predictors of major arrhythmic events after myocarditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids in acute myocarditis in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Unraveling Cardiovascular Risks and Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Sudden cardiac death after acute myocarditis with arrhythmic presentation: hunting for risk predictors - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Open heart · 2024Pooled it
- Colchicine in patients with chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy: rationale and design of the CMP-MYTHiC.ESC heart failure · 2026Trial
- The efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine in patients with chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy: a multicenter randomized study (HYPIC trial).BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Global epidemiology of myocarditis: disparities in age, sex and geography.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance-Supported Diagnosis of Acute Myocarditis Mimicking Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Patient With Sepsis Due to a Massive Perianal Abscess.Journal of medical cases · 2026Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography for suspected acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2026Article
- Recurrent myocarditis masquerading as acute myocardial infarction: unmasking Behçet's disease.Oxford medical case reports · 2026Article
- Programmed Cell Death-1/Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Pathway in High-Risk Lymphocytic Acute Myocarditis.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Association between parental consanguineous marriage and the incidence, age of onset, and severity of coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study in Iran.Korean journal of family medicine · 2026Article
- Current Clinical Treatments and Challenges for Cardiovascular Diseases: From Therapeutic Expansion to Individualized Care.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Cardiac immunity and heart repair: Mechanism, challenge, and future direction.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Clinical characteristics associated with sustained ventricular arrhythmia among acute myocarditis patients: a multicenter case-control study.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Article
- Acute Myocarditis: From Pathophysiology to Risk-Stratified Management-A Clinical Review.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular Protection with Sulfasalazine During Doxorubicin Challenge: Evidence from Oxidative and Histologic Endpoints.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Review
- Post-viral myocarditis.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
366 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 14 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that may occur because of infections, immune system activation, or exposure to drugs. The diagnosis of myocarditis has changed due to the introduction of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. We present an expert consensus document aimed to summarize the common terminology related to myocarditis meanwhile highlighting some areas of controversies and uncertainties and the unmet clinical needs. In fact, controversies persist regarding mechanisms that determine the transition from the initial trigger to myocardial inflammation and from acute myocardial damage to chronic ventricular dysfunction. It is still uncertain which viruses (besides enteroviruses) cause direct tissue damage, act as triggers for immune-mediated damage, or both. Regarding terminology, myocarditis can be characterized according to etiology, phase, and severity of the disease, predominant symptoms, and pathological findings. Clinically, acute myocarditis (AM) implies a short time elapsed from the onset of symptoms and diagnosis (generally <1 month). In contrast, chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy indicates myocardial inflammation with established dilated cardiomyopathy or hypokinetic nondilated phenotype, which in the advanced stages evolves into fibrosis without detectable inflammation. Suggested diagnostic and treatment recommendations for AM and chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy are mainly based on expert opinion given the lack of well-designed contemporary clinical studies in the field. We will provide a shared and practical approach to patient diagnosis and management, underlying differences between the European and US scientific statements on this topic. We explain the role of histology that defines subtypes of myocarditis and its prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.