Observational studySocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2021
Savings, home ownership, and depression in low-income US adults.
Observational study in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mental health of LGBTQ+ workers: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Assets and depression in U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Pre-existing financial circumstance, job loss, and probable depression among U.S. adults: a prospective population-based cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Mental health risks before the threshold: A longitudinal study of housing cost burden and depressive symptoms in South Korea.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Satisfaction with life in relation to sleep health among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A U-shaped association between sleep duration and depression in adult prescription opioid users.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Satisfaction with Life in relation to Sleep Health among a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Adults.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Social Determinants of Health, Maternal Quality of Life, and Family Functioning Among Latinx Families of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Home Mortgage Lending and Neighborhood Mental Health: A Spatial Econometric Analysis of 18 U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- A predictive model for depression risk in individuals with hypertension: evidence from NHANES 2007-2020.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Phenome-wide investigation of bidirectional causal relationships between major depressive disorder and common human diseases.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Deciphering the genetic interplay between depression and dysmenorrhea: a Mendelian randomization study.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages by Social Determinants of Health.JAMA network open · 2024 · on this mapArticle
- Psychological burden of hearing-impaired children and their parents through the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Depression and assets during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of mental health across income and savings groups.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Relationship Between Homeownership and Health by Race/Ethnicity Since the Foreclosure Crisis: California Health Interview Survey 2011-2018.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19, cancer survivorship and patient-provider communication on mental health in the US Difference-In-Difference.Npj mental health research · 2023Article
- Mental Health of the Russian Federation Population versus Regional Living Conditions and Individual Income.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Financial strain and depression in the U.S.: a scoping review.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Women's Participation in a Savings Group and Depression: a Community-Based Financial Capability Intervention in Mozambique.Global social welfare : research, policy & practice · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWhile the association between income and depression is well established, less explored is the relation between wealth and depression, particularly among low-income adults. We studied the relation between two types of assets-savings and home ownership-and probable depression to understand how access to different assets may shape depression among low-income US adults.
methodsStudy sample We conducted a serial cross-sectional, observational study with 12,019 adults with low-income in the United States using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2007 to 2016. Measures We measured probable major depressive disorder (MDD) with impairment using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Low savings was defined as having $5000 or less in family savings. Statistical analysis We estimated adjusted and unadjusted prevalence, odds ratios, and predicted probability of probable MDD across asset groups.
resultsOf low-income US adults, 5.4% had probable MDD with impairment, 85.9% had low savings, and 54.9% rented their home. Persons with low savings had 2.34 (95% CI 1.44-3.79) times the odds of having probable MDD relative to those with high savings. Home owners had 2.14 (95% CI 1.20-3.86) and home renters had 3.65 (95% CI 1.45-9.20) times the odds of having probable MDD if they had low savings relative to high savings.
conclusionFamily savings and home ownership are associated with lower burden of depression among low-income adults in the US.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.