ArticleRevista de saude publica2020
Bolsa Família program and incomplete childhood vaccination in two Brazilian cohorts.
Article in Revista de saude publica, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strategies for expanding vaccination coverage in children in Brazil: systematic literature review.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2024Pooled it
- Vaccine hesitancy in the school community and among health personnel: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Vaccination coverage, vaccine hesitancy and factors associated with incomplete vaccination: a household survey conducted with children born between 2017 and 2018 in the inland municipalities of Northeastern Brazil.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2025Article
- Implementation and effects of social protection programs for children, older adults, and people with disabilities in Brazil and Ecuador: A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Vaccination coverage and factors associated with incomplete polio vaccine schedule in children born in 2017-2018, in state capitals and interior region municipalities of Northeast Brazil.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2025Article
- Health, economic and social impacts of the Brazilian cash transfer program on the lives of its beneficiaries: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Hepatitis A vaccination coverage survey in 24-month-old children living in Brazilian capitals, 2020.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2024Article
- Measles, mumps and rubella vaccination coverage in capitals and interior region municipalities of Northeast Brazil: a household survey in a cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2024Article
- Childhood poverty and mental health disorders in early adulthood: evidence from a Brazilian cohort study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- Vaccination coverage in children under one year of age and associated socioeconomic factors: maps of spatial heterogeneity.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2023Article
- Impact of Brazil's Bolsa Família Programme on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: a natural experiment study using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the effect of being a beneficiary of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) in the vaccination of children aged 13 to 35 months.
methodsOur study was based on all birth records of residents of Ribeirão Preto (SP) and probabilistic sampling with 1/3 of the births of residents of São Luís (MA), selecting low-income children, born in 2010, belonging to the cohorts Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís Birth Cohort Studies and eligible for the Bolsa Família program. The information of Cadastro Único (CadÚnico - Single Registry) was used to categorize the receipt of benefit from the BFP (yes or no). The final sample consisted of 532 children in Ribeirão Preto and 1,229 in São Luís. The outcome variable was a childhood vaccine regimen, constructed with BCG, tetravalent, triple viral, hepatitis B, poliomyelitis, rotavirus and yellow fever vaccines. The adjustment variables were: economic class, mother's schooling and mother's skin color. Children with monthly per capita family income of up to R$ 280.00 and/or economic class D/E were considered eligible for the benefit of the BFP. A theoretical model was constructed using a directed acyclic graph to estimate the effect of being a beneficiary of the BFP in the vaccination of low-income children. In the statistical analyses, weighing was used by the inverse of the probability of exposure and pairing by propensity score.
resultsConsidering a monthly per capita family income of up to R$ 280.00, being a beneficiary of the BFP had no effect on the childhood vaccination schedule, according to weighing by the inverse of the probability of exposure (SL-coefficient: -0.01; 95%CI -0.07 to 0.04; p = 0.725 and RP-coefficient: 0.04; 95%CI -0.02 to 0.10; p = 0.244) and pairing by propensity score (SL-coefficient: -0.01; 95%CI -0.07 to 0.05; p = 0.744 and RP-coefficient: 0.04; 95%CI -0.02 to 0.10; p = 0.231).
conclusionsThe receipt of the benefit of the BFP did not influence childhood vaccination, which is one of the conditionalities of the program. This may indicate that this conditionality is not being adequately monitored.
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