Trial reportThe patient2021
Benefit-Risk or Risk-Benefit Trade-Offs? Another Look at Attribute Ordering Effects in a Pilot Choice Experiment.
Trial report in The patient, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Public Preferences and Willingness to Pay for a Multidisciplinary Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction Service.The patient · 2026Article
- Valuing Maintenance of Visual Function in Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Discrete Choice Experiment with Patients and the General Public.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Article
- Treatment preferences of patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a discrete choice experiment in the US.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2025Article
- Patient preferences for stroke prevention treatments in atrial fibrillation in Asia: A discrete choice experiment.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Patient Preferences for HR+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer Adjuvant Treatment: A Multicountry Discrete Choice Experiment.Breast care (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Preferences for Tapering Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Among People With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Discrete Choice Experiment.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Exploring Pet Owner Preferences in Order to Assess the Role of Cost and Quality of Life in Anti-Pruritic Treatment Plan Selection for Dog Owners.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Preferences of patients and physicians in the United States for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma treatments.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Pet Owners' Preferences for Quality of Life Improvements and Costs Related to Innovative Therapies in Feline Pain Associated with Osteoarthritis-A Quantitative Survey.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Dog Owners' Perceptions of the Convenience and Value of Chewable Oclacitinib: Quantitative Survey Data from an International Survey.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Treatment preferences of adults and adolescents with alopecia areata: A discrete choice experiment.The Journal of dermatology · 2024Article
- Article
- Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Have Heterogeneous Treatment Preferences That Are Largely Determined by the Avoidance of Abdominal Pain and Side Effects [P-POWER IBD Study].Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2023Article
- Patients' Preferences for Connected Insulin Pens: A Discrete Choice Experiment Among Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.The patient · 2023Article
- Treatment preferences of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in the United States, United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, France, and Spain: results from a discrete choice experiment.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Clinicians' preferences for managing aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage using endothelin receptor antagonists.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- How do study design features and participant characteristics influence willingness to participate in clinical trials? Results from a choice experiment.BMC medical research methodology · 2022Article
- Patient preferences for atopic dermatitis medications in the UK, France and Spain: a discrete choice experiment.BMJ open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies recommend randomising the order of attributes in discrete choice experiments (DCEs) to avoid bias; however, in a benefit-risk setting, this may increase the cognitive burden of respondents who compare the benefits and risks of treatments, or may affect their decision-making process. Based on these concerns, this paper explored attribute ordering effects in a benefit-risk DCE.
methodAttribute ordering effects were explored in a large pilot DCE relating to the medical treatment of insomnia. Participants were randomised to one of three presentation orders: (1) benefits were presented before risks (BR); (2) risks were presented before benefits (RB); (3) all attributes were randomised (RN). For the RB and BR presentation orders, attributes were randomised within benefits and risks. Responses were assessed in three ways. First, variations in respondents' self-reported choice certainty were obtained. Second, variations in failure rates of stability and dominance tests were calculated. Third, a heteroscedastic error component model tested for differences in choice consistency across the three attribute orderings.
resultsThe final analysis included 156 respondents (RN: 54; BR: 49; RB: 53). No differences were found between the presentation orders with respect to stated choice certainty, or the proportion of respondents failing either the dominance or stability test. However, deterministic attribute grouping was associated with higher choice consistency.
conclusionTo increase choice consistency, DCE attributes should be randomised within logical groups that may be further randomised to reduce the risk of ordering effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33174080What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.