ArticleScientific reports2020
Opioid agonist and antagonist use and the gut microbiota: associations among people in addiction treatment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug-microbiome-host interactions: antimicrobial effects of non-antibiotic compounds.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Analysis of Rat Gut Microbiome Composition and Fecal Metabolism Markers Following Prolonged Morphine Exposure.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- The Gut-Brain Axis in Obesity: Mechanisms, Development, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- From bugs to behavior: targeting the gut-brain interface for addiction therapeutics.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Article
- Perinatal morphine exposure induces long-term changes in the intestinal microbiota of male and female rats.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Skin Microbiome alterations in heroin users revealed by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Gut and Oral Microbiomes in Psychoactive Substance Use: A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- Longitudinal and Concurrent Changes in Brain and Gut due to Morphine Self-Administration.Addiction biology · 2025Article
- The Bidirectional Interplay Between Substances of Abuse and Gut Microbiome Homeostasis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Intestinal barrier damage caused by addictive substance use disorder.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Progresses in Questing for the Truth of Opioid-Related Constipation in Cancer Patients.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Understanding dysbiosis and resilience in the human gut microbiome: biomarkers, interventions, and challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Interaction between gut microbiota and anesthesia: mechanism exploration and translation challenges focusing on the gut-brain-liver axis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Single-Cell RNA Transcriptomics and Multi-omics Analyses Reveal the Clinical Effects of Acupuncture on Methadone Reduction.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Gut dysbiosis was inevitable, but tolerance was not: temporal responses of the murine microbiota that maintain its capacity for butyrate production correlate with sustained antinociception to chronic morphine.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Ketamine induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and barrier and hippocampal dysfunction in rats.iScience · 2024Article
- Understanding the impact of the gut microbiome on opioid use disorder: Pathways, mechanisms, and treatment insights.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- The Gut-Brain Axis in Opioid Use Disorder: Exploring the Bidirectional Influence of Opioids and the Gut Microbiome-A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The role of morphine- and fentanyl-induced impairment of intestinal epithelial antibacterial activity in dysbiosis and its impact on the microbiota-gut-brain axis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Murine models suggest that opioids alter the gut microbiota, which may impact opioid tolerance and psychopathology. We examined how gut microbiota characteristics related to use of opioid agonists and antagonists among people receiving outpatient addiction treatment. Patients (n = 46) collected stool samples and were grouped by use of opioid agonists (heroin, prescription opioids), antagonists (naltrexone), agonist-antagonist combinations (buprenorphine-naloxone), or neither agonists nor antagonists within the month before enrollment. We sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina MiSeq to examine how alpha diversity, enterotypes, and relative abundance of bacterial genera varied by opioid agonist and antagonist exposures. Compared to 31 participants who used neither agonists nor antagonists, 5 participants who used opioid agonists (without antagonists) had lower microbiota diversity, Bacteroides enterotypes, and lower relative abundance of Roseburia, a butyrate producing genus, and Bilophila, a bile acid metabolizing genus. There were no differences in gut microbiota features between those using agonist + antagonists (n = 4), antagonists only (n = 6), and neither agonists nor antagonists. Similar to murine morphine exposure models, opioid agonist use was associated with lower microbiota diversity. Lower abundance of Roseburia and Bilophila may relate to the gut inflammation/permeability and dysregulated bile acid metabolism observed in opioid-exposed mice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.