Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33172930›Full record

ArticleCancer research2021

Turnover Modulates the Need for a Cost of Resistance in Adaptive Therapy.

Maximilian A R Strobl, Jeffrey West, Yannick Viossat, Mehdi Damaghi, Mark Robertson-Tessi, Joel S Brown, Robert A Gatenby, Philip K Maini, Alexander R A Anderson

Abstract readComment
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Hazard curvature makes within-host variability costly for survival.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  7. Cancer Evolvability Determines Therapy Outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  8. Article
  9. 75 Years of Mathematical Oncology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
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  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Evolutionary antifragile therapy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Maximilian A R StroblDepartment of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida. maximilian.strobl@gmail.com alexander.anderson@moffitt.org.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4484-8823
Jeffrey WestDepartment of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
Yannick ViossatCeremade, Université Paris-Dauphine, Université PSL, Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1388-0599
Mehdi DamaghiDepartment of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7744-6161
Mark Robertson-TessiDepartment of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9587
Joel S BrownDepartment of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
Robert A GatenbyDepartment of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1621-1510
Philip K Maini *Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0146-9164
Alexander R A Anderson *Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida. maximilian.strobl@gmail.com alexander.anderson@moffitt.org.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2536-4383

Funding

"Research Supplement to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research", as part of Moffitt PS-OC, "Cancer as a Complex adaptive System"U54CA193489 · NCI · H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST · PI ANDERSON, ALEXANDER ROBERTSON ALLAN, GATENBY, ROBERT A · 2015 to 2020
$12.5M
Eco-Evolutionary dynamics of NSCLC to immunotherapy: Response and ResistanceU01CA232382 · NCI · H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST · PI ANDERSON, ALEXANDER ROBERTSON ALLAN, ANTONIA, SCOTT J. · 2018 to 2022
$3.3M
Medical Research CouncilNCI NIH HHS U01 CA232382NCI NIH HHS U54 CA193489
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adaptive therapy seeks to exploit intratumoral competition to avoid, or at least delay, the emergence of therapy resistance in cancer. Motivated by promising results in prostate cancer, there is growing interest in extending this approach to other neoplasms. As such, it is urgent to understand the characteristics of a cancer that determine whether or not it will respond well to adaptive therapy. A plausible candidate for such a selection criterion is the fitness cost of resistance. In this article, we study a general, but simple, mathematical model to investigate whether the presence of a cost is necessary for adaptive therapy to extend the time to progression beyond that of a standard-of-care continuous therapy. Tumor cells were divided into sensitive and resistant populations and we model their competition using a system of two ordinary differential equations based on the Lotka-Volterra model. For tumors close to their environmental carrying capacity, a cost was not required. However, for tumors growing far from carrying capacity, a cost may be required to see meaningful gains. Notably, it is important to consider cell turnover in the tumor, and we discuss its role in modulating the impact of a resistance cost. To conclude, we present evidence for the predicted cost-turnover interplay in data from 67 patients with prostate cancer undergoing intermittent androgen deprivation therapy. Our work helps to clarify under which circumstances adaptive therapy may be beneficial and suggests that turnover may play an unexpectedly important role in the decision-making process. SIGNIFICANCE: Tumor cell turnover modulates the speed of selection against drug resistance by amplifying the effects of competition and resistance costs; as such, turnover is an important factor in resistance management via adaptive therapy.

Indexed as

Pharmaceutical PreparationsProstatic NeoplasmsAndrogen AntagonistsHumansMaleAndrogen AntagonistsPharmaceutical Preparations

Identifiers

PMID33172930
PMCPMC8455086

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.