Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33171895›Full record

ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2020

Environmental Impact of Food Packaging Materials: A Review of Contemporary Development from Conventional Plastics to Polylactic Acid Based Materials.

Lindani Koketso Ncube, Albert Uchenna Ude, Enoch Nifise Ogunmuyiwa, Rozli Zulkifli, Isaac Nongwe Beas

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
130citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

130 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Characterization of Films Based on Opuntia ficus-indica and Pectin.Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026
    Article
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  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Polymers · 2026
    Article
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  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lindani Koketso NcubeDepartment of Mechanical, Energy and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET), Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Mail Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana.
Albert Uchenna UdeDepartment of Mechanical, Energy and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET), Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Mail Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana.
Enoch Nifise OgunmuyiwaDepartment of Chemical, Materials &Metallurgical Engineering Academic, FET, BIUST, Private Mail Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana.
Rozli ZulkifliDepartment of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia, UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-4125-6163
Isaac Nongwe BeasBotswana Institute for Technology Research and Innovation (BITRI), Private Bag 0082, Gaborone, Botswana.ORCID 0000-0002-8636-7895

Funding

Botswana International University of Science and Technology 0073
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plastics have remained the material of choice, and after serving their intended purpose, a large proportion ends up in the environment where they persist for centuries. The packaging industry is the largest and growing consumer of synthetic plastics derived from fossil fuels. Food packaging plastics account for the bulk of plastic waste that are polluting the environment. Additionally, given the fact that petroleum reserves are finite and facing depletion, there is a need for the development of alternative materials that can serve the same purpose as conventional plastics. This paper reviews the function of packaging materials and highlights the future potential of the adoption of green materials. Biopolymers have emerged as promising green materials although they still have very low market uptake. Polylactic acid (PLA) has emerged as the most favoured bioplastic. However, it is limited by its high cost and some performance drawbacks. Blending with agricultural waste and natural fillers can result in green composites at low cost, low greenhouse gas emissions, and with improved performance for food packaging applications. The continent of Africa is proposed as a rich source of fibres and fillers that can be sustainably exploited to fabricate green composites in a bid to achieve a circular economy.

Indexed as

biodegradablebioplasticscompositesfood packagingpolylactic acid

Identifiers

PMID33171895
PMCPMC7664184

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.