SynthesisPloS one2020
Breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of variables on breast self-examination: Potential barrier or enhancement of breast cancer prevention.Breast disease · 2024Pooled it
- What is the uptake rate of breast self-examination in Iranian women? Estimation based on systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Factors associated with breast self-examination and mammography screening among women attending primary healthcare centers in central Tunisia.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Breast Self-Examination and Associated Factors Among Female Nursing and Midwifery Trainees in Gushegu Municipality, Ghana.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Applying multi-theory model to determine intentions to breast self-awareness among female health workers in Kabul, Afghanistan.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Breast self-examination prevalence and determinants in low- and middle-income countries: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Review
- Adolescent Girls' Breast Self-Examination Practices in Eastern Region of Ghana.The breast journal · 2026Article
- Exploring the planned behavior of breast self-examination and its predictors among women in Northern Iran.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast cancer screening and associated factors among female undergraduate students at Bonga University, Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Self-screening practice of breast cancer and associated factors among female students in Ethiopian universities using the theory of planned behavior: a cross sectional study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Determinants of breast cancer among women attending oncology units in selected health facilities of Hawassa City, Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia, 2023: case-control study.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Describing the practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among female healthcare workers in Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Canadian oncology nursing journal = Revue canadienne de nursing oncologique · 2024Article
- The practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among female healthcare professionals working in selected hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda: a cross sectional study.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Exploring Challenges Related to Breast Cancer to Identify Opportunities for Advocacy in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia: A Community-Based, Qualitative Study.JCO global oncology · 2023Article
- The efficacy of theory of planned behavior to predict breast self-examination among women: systematic review and meta-Analysis.Health psychology and behavioral medicine · 2023Review
- Strengthening breast cancer screening program through health education of women and capacity building of primary healthcare providers.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- An examination of variables associated with breast cancer early detection behaviors of women.African health sciences · 2022Article
- Knowledge on risk factors and practice of early detection methods of breast cancer among graduating students of Debre Tabor University, Northcentral Ethiopia.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among female health professionals working in public hospitals of Harari regional state: Eastern Ethiopia multicenter study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer is common global public health problem. It is the principal cause of cancer related death. In Ethiopia, study findings regarding prevalence and associated factors of BSE among female healthcare workers have been inconsistently reported and highly variable. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of breast self-examination practice and determinants in Ethiopia.
methodsA systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Global Health, Google Scholar, CINAHL and Scopus from April 2, 2020 to April 24, 2020. Data were extracted from articles included in the review using a data extraction tool which was adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute. the quality of each included article was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Data analysis was done using STATA 11. The Cochrane Q and I2 test were used to assess heterogeneity between the studies; and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. A random effects meta-analysis was computed to determine the pooled prevalence of breast self-examination. The determinants for breast self-examination were examined. Forest plots were used to present the prevalence and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.
resultsAfter reviewing 9605 studies, 12 studies involving 4129 female healthcare workers were included for this review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of breast self-examination practice among healthcare workers in Ethiopia was 56.31% (95% CI: 44.37, 68.25). The subgroup analysis further revealed that the higher breast self-examination practice was observed among other healthcare workers, 58.60% (95% CI: 43.31, 73.90). Good knowledge (AOR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.24, 7.35), positive attitude (AOR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.95, 4.13) and family history of breast cancer (AOR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.22, 6.52) were significantly associated with breast self-examination practice among healthcare workers.
conclusionThis meta-analysis found that nearly half of the female healthcare workers were not performed breast self-examination. The finding of this study suggests the need of strengthening early diagnosis of breast cancer and control strategies with a collaborative effort of policymakers and other concerned stakeholders.
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