Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33170518›Full record

ArticleThe Laryngoscope2021

Socioeconomic Status Drives Racial Disparities in HPV-negative Head and Neck Cancer Outcomes.

Nicholas R Lenze, Douglas Farquhar, Siddharth Sheth, Jose P Zevallos, Jeffrey Blumberg, Catherine Lumley, Samip Patel, Trevor Hackman, Mark C Weissler, Wendell G Yarbrough and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in The Laryngoscope, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Disparities in Survival of Head and Neck Cancer in the Hispanic Population: Systematic-Review and Meta-analysis.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Care Proximity Influence Stage at Presentation in Head and Neck Cancer.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Disparities in Care for Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.Surgical oncology clinics of North America · 2024
    Review
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  7. Article
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  9. Racial survival disparities in head and neck cancer clinical trials.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Nicholas R LenzeDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.ORCID 0000-0002-2126-6663
Douglas FarquharDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Siddharth ShethDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.ORCID 0000-0002-1923-2309
Jose P ZevallosDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
Jeffrey BlumbergDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Catherine LumleyDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Samip PatelDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Trevor HackmanDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Mark C WeisslerDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Wendell G YarbroughDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Adam M ZanationDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Andrew F OlshanDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

UNC-CH CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH &SUSCEPTIBILITYP30ES010126 · NIEHS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Stephanie Engel · 2001 to 2026
$36.3M
Gene Environment Interaction in Head and Neck CancerR01CA090731 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI OLSHAN, ANDREW · 2001 to 2005
$4.6M
Research Training in OtolaryngologyT32DC005360 · NIDCD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MANIS, PAUL B · 2003 to 2023
$2.8M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA090731NCI NIH HHS R01-CA90731NIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC005360NIDCD NIH HHS T32-DC005360-12NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES010126
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectives/hypothesisTo determine drivers of the racial disparity in stage at diagnosis and overall survival (OS) between black and white patients with HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). STUDY

designRetrospective cohort study.

methodsData were examined from of a population-based HNSCC study in North Carolina. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess racial disparities in stage at diagnosis and OS with sequential adjustment sets.

resultsA total of 340 black patients and 864 white patients diagnosed with HPV-negative HNSCC were included. In the unadjusted model, black patients had increased odds of advanced T stage at diagnosis (OR 2.0; 95% CI [1.5-2.5]) and worse OS (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6) compared to white patients. After adjusting for age, sex, tumor site, tobacco use, and alcohol use, the racial disparity persisted for advanced T-stage at diagnosis (OR 1.7; 95% CI [1.3-2.3]) and showed a non-significant trend for worse OS (HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.9-1.3). After adding SES to the adjustment set, the association between race and stage at diagnosis was lost (OR: 1.0; 95% CI [0.8-1.5]). Further, black patients had slightly favorable OS compared to white patients (HR 0.8, 95% CI [0.6-1.0]; P = .024).

conclusionsSES has an important contribution to the racial disparity in stage at diagnosis and OS for HPV-negative HNSCC. Low SES can serve as a target for interventions aimed at mitigating the racial disparities in head and neck cancer. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 131:1301-1309, 2021.

Indexed as

Social ClassAgedBlack or African AmericanFemaleHead and Neck NeoplasmsHealth Status DisparitiesHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingNorth CarolinaProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckSurvival Rateaccess to caredisparitiesHead and neck neoplasmsracesocioeconomic statussurvival

Identifiers

PMID33170518
PMCPMC8106650
OpenAlexW3100116343

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.