Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33169087›Full record

ArticleFood security2021

Homeless and hungry: food insecurity in the land of plenty.

Kevin M Fitzpatrick, Don E Willis

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Food security, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Nutrition Status of People Experiencing Homelessness Residing in Temporary Accommodation in London.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
    Article
  7. Total Knee Arthroplasty and Homelessness: A Database Study.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kevin M FitzpatrickDepartment of Sociology and Criminology, Old Main 211, University of Arkansas-Fayetteville, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8802-1142
Don E WillisDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 1125 N. College Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-489X
University of Arkansas at Fayetteville · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Homelessness continues to challenge service providers in the United States where 600,000+ individuals are without their own place to stay on any given night. With significant barriers preventing access to food, homeless persons remain at risk for experiencing long-term food insecurity. As such, the primary intent of this paper was to examine specific hypotheses that explored the impact of both risks/stressors and resources on the reported food insecurity among homeless adults. Using a stratified quota sample, data were collected from homeless adults residing in two counties in Northwest Arkansas. One hundred and sixty-eight face-to-face interviews were conducted with homeless persons living in sheltered and unsheltered environments. We found a strong positive association with persons who had been arrested and reported food insecurity; anxiety symptoms and physical health symptoms were both positively related to food insecurity. Additionally, there were significant resources (access to medical services, and community connectedness) that were negatively related to food insecurity among homeless adults. Findings are discussed in the context of how important it is for service providers to have a clear picture of the health and well-being of their clientele, particularly as they work towards minimizing service disruption and maximizing client access to sustainable food sources.

Indexed as

Food accessFood insecurityHomelessnessPovertyRisks and resources

Identifiers

PMID33169087
PMCPMC7641484
OpenAlexW3097169324

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.