ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Identification of a brainstem locus that inhibits tumor necrosis factor.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of auriculotherapy and laser acupuncture in hyperemesis gravidarum: a randomized clinical trial.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2026Trial
- Cholinergic impairment in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus during experimental Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An mPFC-DMV cortical-autonomic-immune axis governs stress-induced immune dysregulation in sepsis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cancer Neuroscience: From Local Neuro-Immune Microenvironments to Systemic Brain-Body Circuitry.MedComm · 2026Review
- Neural regulation in lung cancer: from mechanisms to new therapeutic perspectives.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
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- Central neurons encode interleukin-1β signals and mediate stress-induced inflammation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune interactions in cardiovascular homeostasis and disease.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Review
- A GDF-15-GFRAL axis controls autoimmune T cell responses during neuroinflammation.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Postoperative neurocognitive disorder: migration and crosstalk of inflammation in the peripheral and central nervous system.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Neuro-Immune Crosstalk: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells and peripheral immune tolerance: key mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of vagus nerve stimulation in neurodegenerative diseases: research progress and mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- [Research progress on vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Connection and communication between the nervous and immune systems.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
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- Molecular and functional diversity of the autonomic nervous system.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- The cholinergic drug galantamine ameliorates acute and subacute peripheral and brain manifestations of acute respiratory distress syndrome in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Macro- and Microanatomy of the Sympathetic Innervation of the Spleen in Rodents.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2025Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the brain, compact clusters of neuron cell bodies, termed nuclei, are essential for maintaining parameters of host physiology within a narrow range optimal for health. Neurons residing in the brainstem dorsal motor nucleus (DMN) project in the vagus nerve to communicate with the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs. Vagus nerve-mediated reflexes also control immune system responses to infection and injury by inhibiting the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and other cytokines in the spleen, although the function of DMN neurons in regulating TNF release is not known. Here, optogenetics and functional mapping reveal cholinergic neurons in the DMN, which project to the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglia, significantly increase splenic nerve activity and inhibit TNF production. Efferent vagus nerve fibers terminating in the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglia form varicose-like structures surrounding individual nerve cell bodies innervating the spleen. Selective optogenetic activation of DMN cholinergic neurons or electrical activation of the cervical vagus nerve evokes action potentials in the splenic nerve. Pharmacological blockade and surgical transection of the vagus nerve inhibit vagus nerve-evoked splenic nerve responses. These results indicate that cholinergic neurons residing in the brainstem DMN control TNF production, revealing a role for brainstem coordination of immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.