ArticleCytotherapy2021
Bortezomib enhances cytotoxicity of ex vivo-expanded gamma delta T cells against acute myeloid leukemia and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Article in Cytotherapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Amino Acid Polymorphisms in MICA and MICA-NKG2D Interaction Affinity: Implications and Significance for Tumor Immunity.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The first-in-Africa ex vivo drug sensitivity testing platform identifies novel drug combinations for South African leukaemia patient cohort.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Central memory-enriched Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells via TGF-β expansion demonstrate enhancedFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Enhancing the effectiveness of γδ T cells by mRNA transfection of chimeric antigen receptors or bispecific T cell engagers.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2023Article
- TIGIT axis: novel immune checkpoints in anti-leukemia immunity.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Ligand-based targeting of c-kit using engineered γδ T cells as a strategy for treating acute myeloid leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell immunotherapy in blood cancers: ready for prime time?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The role of daratumumab in relapsed/refractory CD38 positive acute leukemias-case report on three cases with a literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Harnessing Unconventional T Cells and Innate Lymphoid Cells to Prevent and Treat Hematological Malignancies: Prospects for New Immunotherapy.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Review
- Dissecting the cellular components ofOncoimmunology · 2022Article
- Allogeneic gamma delta T cells as adoptive cellular therapy for hematologic malignancies.Exploration of immunology · 2022Article
- High Expression of DEPDC1B Predicts Poor Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Article
- Strategies to Improve the Antitumor Effect of γδ T Cell Immunotherapy for Clinical Application.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Multi-Omic Prognostic Model of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Engagement between the natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor and its ligands is one of the main mechanisms used by immune cells to target stressed cells for cell death. NKG2D ligands are known markers of cellular stress and are often upregulated on tumor cells. Certain drugs can further increase NKG2D ligand levels, thereby making tumor cells more susceptible to immune cell detection and destruction. However, the effectiveness of this approach appears to be limited with drug treatment alone, possibly due to immune dysregulation in the setting of malignancies. We hypothesized that a more effective approach would be a combination of NKG2D ligand-inducing drugs, such as the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, and ex vivo-expanded peripheral blood γδ T cells (i.e., Vγ9Vδ2 T cells). Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a high-risk hematologic malignancy, and treatment has shown limited benefit with the addition of bortezomib to standard chemotherapy regimens. Two AML cells lines, Nomo-1 and Kasumi-1, were treated with increasing concentrations of bortezomib, and changes in NKG2D ligand expression were measured. Bortezomib treatment significantly increased expression of the NKG2D ligand UL16 binding protein (ULBP) 2/5/6 in both cell lines. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells were expanded and isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors to generate a final cellular product with a mean of 96% CD3
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.